The Phenotypic Root Architectures and Rooting Potential of Local Eggplant Rootstocks (Solanum melongena x Solanum aethiopicum)
Journal Title: Black Sea Journal of Agriculture - Year 2019, Vol 2, Issue 3
Abstract
One of the important factors affecting rootstock performance in grafted vegetable production is root structure and ability of development under stress conditions. In this study; it is aimed to examine the root architecture of Turkish eggplant rootstock candidates (Solanum melongena x Solanum aethipicum) which are developed from the hybrid rootstock breeding program. The developed rootstock candidates were found resistant to Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae) and Verticillium (Verticillium dahliae Kleb.) wilt diseases and nematode (Meloidogyne incognita). Rooting levels of developed rootstock candidates were investigated in open field and controlled greenhouse (25 °C ± 1) conditions. In the experiment, 8 hybrid rootstock variety candidates and 3 commercial hybrid rootstock varieties (Hawk, Köksal, AGR-703) were used. The plants were grown for 50 days under open field and controlled greenhouse conditions. WinRhizo root analysis program (Regent Instrument Inc. Canada) was used to determine the root phenotypic architecture and rooting levels of eggplant rootstocks in detail. As a result of the root analysis with the WinRhizo program, the root parameters revealing the root architectures (total root length (cm), root surface area (cm²), root volume (cm³), root dry weight (g), average root diameter (mm) and number of tips, forks and crossing) have been examined. Total root length (cm) values ranged from 1299 cm (RS-8) to 4322 cm (RS-6). RS-6 rootstock has the highest performance in terms of root quality both in greenhouse and in open field conditions. When the rootstocks is evaluated in terms of tips; RS-6 and RS-1 rootstocks reached to highest number 22538 and 21111 respectively. The lowest number of tips was determined in RS-7 (10269) rootstock. In general, the number of root tips, forks and crossings of RS-6 and RS1 rootstocks were found to be higher than the control rootstock varieties. As a result, it has been determined that eggplant rootstock variety candidates have a better rooting structure in terms of many root parameters than the commercial rootstocks both in greenhouse and field conditions. It has been also determined that these rootstock variety candidates have potency to use as commercial rootstock.
Authors and Affiliations
Şeyma SARIBAŞ, Ahmet BALKAYA, Dilek KANDEMİR, Onur KARAAĞAÇ
Keywords
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