The phytochemical components and acute toxicity of methanolic stem bark extract of Prunus africana
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) - Year 2018, Vol 8, Issue 12
Abstract
currently there is a growing interest in use of medicinal plants. This has led to amplified need of scientific analysis of their safety and extractive phytochemical component, thus providing health care workers with adequate knowledge regarding the plants, and this in turn will assist patients make informed choice on their utilization. The bark extract of Prunus africana (P.africana) has been used traditionally for decades in the treatment of various conditions such as abdominal upset, decreased appetite, fever, malaria, prostate cancer, and benign prostatic hyperplasia. The stem bark of P.africana was evaluated for its phytochemical constituents and acute toxicity effect on fifteen female wistar rats. The bark extract was collected in Mukurweini in Nyeri County, Kenya. The bark extract of P.africana was soaked in methanol. The mixture was filtered and the organic solvent was evaporated to near dryness by vacuum evaporation using rotary evaporator. The bark extract was subjected to a phytochemical screening where extractive protocols were applied to detect majority of molecules present. The evaluation of acute toxicity of methanolic extract of the bark followed the modifiedLorke’s model. The phytochemical screening of the methanol bark extract revealed carbohydrates, flavonoids, tannins and saponins. The methanolic bark extract of P.africana at dose less than or equal to 5000 mg/kg body weight was found to be safe, therefore it isrelatively harmless based on Loomis and Hayes classification of acute toxicity.
Authors and Affiliations
Kanyoni J. Mwangi, Kweri J. Kariuki, Thuo Reuben, Kafaya G. Kibe
Keywords
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