THE PRECOCITY OF THE ORLOV TROTTERS BREED CLASS 2.05
Journal Title: Науковий вісник Національного університету біоресурсів і природокористування України. Серія : Технологія виробництва і переробки продукції тваринництва - Year 2017, Vol 1, Issue 271
Abstract
Scientific paper is dedicating to definition of the precocity of the Orlov Trotters breed (class 2.05 and faster) as one of the more important selection and economic parameter of farm animals. There were defined the current status of precocity of the Orlov Trotter at high-class establishment of speed - 2 min. 05 sec. and faster on a distance of 1600 meters. The Orlov Trotter can't compete with other Trotter breeds on its speed. It’s inferior to them both on short and long races. It’s connected with the fact that the Orlov Trotter breed was created not for horse racing, in fact its team work is one of the most various appointment. Therefore, up to the end of the 19th century the Orlov Trotter’s speed wasn't the main selection parameter. Only after the Orlov Trotter and American Trotter’s first meeting and American Trotter’s advantage in speed has given the chance to another look on horse racing. On January 1, 2017 research has found that there are 272 heads of trotters in the Orlov Trotter breed (class 2.05). Trotter’s most quantity is in the Pion’s line - 92 heads (33,8%) and Pilot’s line - 59 heads, or 21,7%. By now the Orlov Trotter continues to be the late-ripening breed. Average age of establishment of the speed 2.05 is over 5,5 years (5,54). So for the achievement of a high running class horse owners need to increase the Orlov Trotter almost up to 6 years. The highest precocity resides to lines of Vietra, Barchuk, the worst - to Korieshok, Uspieh, Voin. Among the stallions the implicit leader is the ancestor of the line - Pion 2.00,1 (Otklik - Pridannitsa) which has given 19 heads of a class 2.05. His grandsons, semi-brothers Kipr 2.03,5 (Pompei - Krytizna) and Kowboy 1.57,2 (Blokpost - Krytizna) have given to 7 and 6 heads of a class 2.05. The great-grandson Nicotin 2.07,5 (Kipr – Novost’) also has 6 descendants of this class. The highest precocity was found at the representative of the line of the Barchuk, namely the Kuplet stallion 2.03,1 (Uklon – Kal’ka). It gave 7 heads of high-class speed. Average age of record’s establishment is 3,86 years. Stud Kuplet has given a precocity posterity with Kadetka and Barvikha mares at the Moscow horse-breeding. For today the quantity of the Orlov Trotters (class 2.05) keep growing year by year. Nearly last 40 years the precocity of the Orlov Trotters was decreased and during the period from 2000 to 2009 was about 6 years (5,97) and only for the last 7 years the age of record’s establishment was decreased almost up to 5 years (5,03). The most precocity representative of class 2.05 was increased at descendants of thoroughbred roadster breed of the line of Barchuk. Four heads from this livestock are descendant of the Kuplet 2.03,1 (Uklon – Kal’ka). Today he is the leader in precocity horses, who fall under class 2.05 and faster. By the results of the conducted work it’s defined that the age of speed’s establishment of 2.05 is decreasing. It’s connected with intensity of conducting horse breeding, selection of horses on their speed. It was promoted by improvements of conditions of growth environment, management, training and racing of trotting breeds horses. Also considerable influence had introduction crossing with thoroughbred riding and American standardbred horses. One of the offers for precocity improvement of the Orlov Trotter may be the introduction of crossing which will increase a genetic variety, heterogeneity in breed and speed. Also it should be noted that within the line there are some deviations which testify to a possibility of precocity improvement by selection of stallions with the best indicators on precocity. One of the best stallions may be named the zaporizhia’s Kuplet (Uklon – Kal’ka).
Authors and Affiliations
A. V. Burenko
Keywords
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