The Proportion of ALDEFLUOR-Positive Cancer Stem Cells Changes with Cell Culture Density Due to the Expression of Different ALDH Isoforms
Journal Title: Cancer Studies & Molecular Medicine – Open Journal - Year 2015, Vol 2, Issue 2
Abstract
A significant number of discrepancies exist within the literature regarding ALDEFLUOR-positive stem cell populations in cell lines. We hypothesized that these inconsistencies resulted from differences in culture conditions, particularly cell density. We cultured several colon cancer cell lines (N=8) at high and low densities and found a significant decrease in ALDEFLUOR-positive cell populations at high density. However, we found no changes in the CD166-positive stem cell population, self-renewal, or cell cycle distribution of cells cultured at different densities. Interestingly, when we sorted both ALDEFLUOR positive and negative populations from the different density cultures, we identified a significant number of Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) isoforms whose expression was decreased in ALDEFLUOR-positive stem cells cultured at high density. This novel finding suggests that multiple ALDH isoforms contribute to ALDEFLUOR activity in colon cancer stem cells and decreases in ALDEFLUOR-positive stem cells at high cell density are due to decreased expression of multiple ALDH isoforms. Thus, designing therapeutics to target ALDEFLUOR-positive cancer stem cells may require inhibition of multiple ALDH isoforms.
Authors and Affiliations
Bruce M. Boman
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP552025
- DOI 10.17140/CSMMOJ-2-113
- Views 128
- Downloads 0
Is it Time to Start Using Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number as an Indicator of Health and Diseases?
Clinical biochemistry and pathology have contributed too many assays for diagnosis and prognosis of human health and diseases. Bedside biochemistry has revolutionized modern medicine and the invention of new generation b...
Dosimetric Characterization of an Abscopal Response in a Patient With Oligometastatic Melanoma Undergoing Concurrent Treatment With Pembrolizumab and Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT)
Recently, preclinical and clinical evidence has shown that a synergy may exist between radiation and immune check-point therapies such as pembrolizumab. Radiation has been shown to activate the immune system, and in comb...
Boosting Response: The Impact of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors on Radiation Treatment Schedules
The recent FDA approvals of immunomodulatory drugs such as Nivoluvamab (Opdivo), Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) and Ipilimumab (Yervoy) for treatment of Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and melanoma have renewed interest in...
A Rare Case of a Urachal Mucinous Cystic Tumour of Low Malignant Potential
A persistently patent urachal remnant can lead to neoplastic transformation. Urachal tumours occur most commonly as glandular neoplasms which are classified as benign, non-cystic or cystic. However, the literature on cys...
The Emerging Spectrum of Early Life Exposure-Related Inflammation and Epigenetic Therapy
Early life exposure to a variety of insults during sensitive windows of development can reprogram normal physiological responses and alter disease susceptibility later in life. During this process, inflammation triggered...