THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MORALITY AND FREEDOM IN THE PHILOSOPHICAL VISION OF J.-P. SARTRE
Journal Title: Вісник Львівського університету - Year 2018, Vol 18, Issue
Abstract
The article investigates the philosophical idea J.-P. Sartre on the metaphysical relationship of morality with freedom, where morality is a dependent part of human freedom of choice. The article reveals the content of the concept of “freedom”, establishes the variability and complexity of the connection between freedom and morality in the philosophy of J.-P. Sartre, explores the change in the understanding of the act as a moral person, which is at the moment of “borderline situation”. It is noted that human morality is lost by man through the constant growth of his own needs, misunderstanding of his own doom to unlimited freedom, the desire to shift the responsibility for freedom of choice to the rules of morality defined by society. The growth of their own needs J.-P. Sartre associated with social stratification and poverty of human desires. That is the definition of the moral status of contemporary philosophy of society is suggestive of mannerism in the philosophy of Jean-Paul Sartre, through the influence of the ideas of the postmodernists in the last years of life of the philosopher. The article focuses on the problem of choosing a person between a good deed for himself and an act morally recognized by others. The author notes the philosopher's desire to combine two polar ideas of utilitarianism and individualism into one idea of absolute freedom and responsibility of man. That is why the article explores the idea of human doom to freedom and the desire of the philosopher to convey this idea in his works to society. Thus, the morality of man and society depends not on invented rules of behavior, but on the freedom to create new rules that can change depending on social development and perceive these rules by each individual through his own understanding of good and evil. Christian preserved values do not meet the needs of postmodern society and can be discarded. As J.-P. Sartre stands for the activity of man is free and responsible. Together with the problem of morality, the article outlines the question of unlimited Evil, which is formed in the philosophy of J.-P. Sartre as an amorphous Nothing of each particle of existence. Freedom of man is offered by the philosopher as a means of countering Evil, and human fear is the main threat of human refusal from freedom and loss of dignity.
Authors and Affiliations
Anna Savonova
Keywords
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