The renal microcirculation and biomarkers in acute kidney injury of ICU patients
Journal Title: Αρχεία Ελληνικής Ιατρικής - Year 2011, Vol 28, Issue 3
Abstract
Αcute kidney injury is related with a high mortality rate in hospitalized and critically ill patients. The need for immediate recognition and management of acute kidney injury highlights the importance of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms understanding as well as of early diagnosis. The role of the renal microcirculation in acute kidney injury through the interlinked occurrence of renal hypoxia and activation of inflammatory pathways is well documented. Endothelial damage and disruption of the balance between nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species result in deterioration of renal hypoxia at the microcirculatory level. The assessment and imaging of the renal microcirculation could provide useful information about the pathophysiology of acute kidney injury; microcirculatory changes are described in both the initiation and expansion of tubular injury. Preventive and therapeutic measures should be based on the early recognition of kidney damage and restoration of the balance between kidney oxygenation, endothelium, NO and reactive oxygen species. This is a review of the role of the microcirculation in the development and extension of acute kidney injury in relation with renal hypoxia and activation of the inflammatory pathways, and of the new biomarkers used for early diagnosis and prognosis of acute kidney injury.
Authors and Affiliations
C. PIPILI, E. GRAPSA, K. SAKELARIDIS, M. PARISI, S. NANAS
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP150243
- DOI -
- Views 83
- Downloads 0
QTc prolongation in psychiatric inpatients: A cross-sectional study
OBJECTIVE Antipsychotic drugs (AD) are prescribed frequently and they often cause serious cardiovascular side effects, especially QTc prolongation. QTc prolongation and dispersion can predict drug induced arrhythmias and...
IgAκ multiple myeloma with anaplastic morphology and extramedullary plasmacytoma of the right carvenous sinus
A 66-year-old man was admitted to the hospital due to afternoon fever up to 38.5 °C, fatigue, blurred vision and diplopia, which was started the day before admission. His medical history was unremarkable and included onl...
Intraosseus skull hematoma
No abstract available
Local corticosteroid injections in everyday clinical practice
Local injections of corticosteroids are widely used for the treatment of a variety of musculoskeletal problems. They can be given intra-articularly, periarticularly or into soft tissues. Despite their widespread use, the...
Coinfection with hepatitis E virus and Salmonella typhi
A case is reported of coinfection with two infections rare in Greece, typhoid fever and hepatitis E. A 32 year-old man was admitted with high temperature, chills, diarrhoea and jaundice. He had arrived in Greece one week...