The Role of Humic Acids in Aquaculture: A Review
Journal Title: International Journal of Zoology and Animal Biology - Year 2020, Vol 3, Issue 6
Abstract
Water conditions that offer balanced values are ideal environments for fish. Sudden or fluctuating changes in water parameters such as pH, oxygen, and especially temperature interact and destabilize other relevant parameters and cause stress to the fish. When fish encounter such stressful situations, their defense mechanisms do not work properly, which makes them easily susceptible to pathogenic microorganisms and secondary infections. Because such an impact that affects the physical condition, physiological state, and behavioral status of fish, deteriorates general welfare. Various antibiotics and similar medications have been used in controlling or eliminating stress-related diseases to overcome such adverse conditions. However, despite the proper use of these medications, various measures have been taken and the use of some antibiotics has been limited or stopped, as the efficiency of treatments decreased over time, and some antibiotics caused antibiotic-resistant bacteria in fish. As an alternative approach, the use of various natural or synthetic substances has become popular and widespread today in commercial and experimental applications to take preventive measures against pathogens and provide a solid background to fish welfare. Humic acids, one of the substances belonging to the natural environment of fish are among the natural and organic components used for this purpose. Since humic substances are part of the natural habitat of fish, the defense mechanism of fish does not recognize this foreign matter as a threat, so that the fish maintain its usual activities without any reaction. Humic acids that generally known to have positive effects on many organisms, also enhance some vital parameters of fish such as healing of lesions, inhibiting pathogen load, boosting the immune system, and promoting growth when used as a feed additive. Moreover, humic acids have been reported to reduce inverse effects of stress on physiological and histopathological parameters of fish, toxic effects of heavy metals and organic pollutants, and to repair the disease-based injuries faster. In this review, the latest knowledge on the effects of humic substances on two of the primary problems of aquaculture systems, which are fish diseases and relevant pathogens, is discussed.
Authors and Affiliations
Coban N, Sahin T*, Yilmaz S and Ergun S
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP748224
- DOI 10.23880/izab-16000258
- Views 27
- Downloads 0
New Data on the Distribution and Conservation Status of the Two Endemic Scrapers in the Turkish Mediterranean Sea Drainages (Teleostei: Cyprinidae)
In the scope of this study, exact distribution of the two endemic Capoeta species in the Turkish Mediterranean Sea drainages was presented. Fishes were caught with pulsed DC electro-fishing equipment from 28 sampling si...
Diversity Functions of Puf Proteins in Protozoan Species
In all eukaryotic cells, the regulation of gene expression is accomplished at both transcriptional and translational levels. At the translational level, control of gene expression is often mediated by cis-acting eleme...
Diversity and Distribution of Butterflies and their Conservation in Cauvery Delta Region, Tamil Nadu, India
Butterflies are one of the beneficial insects as they serve as pollinators and indicators of environmental quality and are also appreciated for their aesthetic value. They play a pivotal role in determining the stabilit...
Impact of Environmental Pollution on Respiratory System of Human and Animals in Angul and Talcher Industrial Areas, Odisha, India: A Case Study
Industrial growth has been a national issue with leading risk factor towards human health and the environment. The major air pollutants including particle pollution has different toxicological impacts on animals and hum...
Distribution of Stripe-Necked Mongoose Herpestes Vitticollis by Camera Trapping in Similipal Tiger Reserve, Odisha
The Presence of Stripe-necked mongoose Herpestes vitticollis in the Similipal Hills, Odisha, India has been confirmed by Camera-Trapping .This record extends the earlier known distribution range of this species, from so...