The role of serum calcium, magnesium, and zinc in pregnancy induced hypertension
Journal Title: Medpulse International Journal of Gynaecology - Year 2019, Vol 9, Issue 3
Abstract
Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension or preeclampsia is a triad of hypertension, proteinuria, and edema occurring after 20 weeks of gestation in previously normotensive women. It is the most common medical complication of pregnancy with an incidence of 5% to 10% with increased in maternal and infant mortality and morbidity. The exact etiology is not known although various elements might play a role in preeclampsia. The aim of the study: Analyse and compare the concentration of serum calcium, magnesium, and zinc level in women with preeclampsia and in normal pregnant women. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional case-control study involving 25 women with pre-eclampsia in the case group and 25 normal pregnant women in the control group. The inclusion criteria for the case group were age group in between 20-40 years including both primi and second gravida in the third trimester of pregnancy (>24 weeks of pregnancy). The blood pressure measured by sphygmomanometer in the upper arm in sitting posture was ≥140/90mmHg in two different occasions taken 6 hours apart. The urine albumin was ≥1+ or in the midstream random sample of urine. The controls group was formed by 25 age-matched normal pregnant women either primi or second gravida in the third trimester of pregnancy. The patients with medical complications such as Diabetes Mellitus, renal failure, chronic hypertension, heart failure or ischaemic heart disease, multiple pregnancies, pregnancy < 24 weeks of gestation, patients on magnesium sulfate and calcium lactate therapy were excluded from the study. The Body Mass Index (BMI), serum calcium, magnesium and zinc levels were compared between the case and control groups. Results: The BMI was significantly higher in preeclamptic women when compared to normal pregnant women 28.71±4.70 versus 22.46±3.42 P<0.001. The serum calcium, magnesium and zinc levels in preeclamptic women were significantly lower when compared to normal pregnant women 8.07±0.43 versus 8.96±0.59 P<0.001, 1.62±0.16 versus 1.92±0.16 p<0.001,±9.78 versus 93.28±9.44 for cases and controls respectively. Conclusion: Although the calcium, magnesium and zinc deficiency cannot be pinpointed as the sole factors for the etiology of preeclampsia, they have a definite role in the development of preeclampsia.
Authors and Affiliations
Sasikalai Kumari, Andal M
Keywords
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- EP ID EP527190
- DOI 10.26611/1012933
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