The temporomandibular joint: the foundation of the masticatory system
Journal Title: Prosthodontics - Year 2012, Vol 62, Issue 5
Abstract
Forty years ago “TMJ Syndrome” was still a mysterious condition of unknown origin. Today it has been renamed “Temporomandibular Disorders” (TMD) and TMD is acknowledged as a whole host of distinct conditions. Thus, the term “TMD” does not represent a diagnosis, but a category containing very many separate and distinct diagnoses. While the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is not always pathological with every TMD condition, TMJ dysfunction is one of the most common conditions associated with TMD. However, depending on the degree of successful adaptation, treatment may or may not be indicated. This suggests that a simple, accurate, inexpensive and in-office procedure to evaluate joint function should be very valuable.Imaging technologies, such as MRI and CT scan, even though very expensive, are valuable for assessing the morphology of the joint. They are static measures with a significant subjective/interpretive aspect. In contrast Joint Vibration Analysis (JVA) of the TMJ complements MRI and CT as it is a dynamic process that can indicate the quality of function during movement. Also, it is far more sensitive to early degenerative changes in cartilage surfaces and can better assess the quality of function in the presence of adaptive changes. JVA can also indicate whether MRI or CT may be more appropriate for an individual patient.Understanding the current quality of joint function is helpful in deciding whether it is safe to proceed with a planned treatment. Orthodontic and prosthetic treatments are at risk when joint function is deteriorating and unstable. Consequently, joint stability should be a primary criterion prior to any substantial dental procedure, even in the absence of overt painful symptoms.
Authors and Affiliations
John Radke
Keywords
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