THE USE OF FACTORIAL DESIGN FOR ANALYSIS OF MERCURY REMOVAL EFFICIENCY USING PALM OIL FUEL ASH
Journal Title: Water Conservation and Management - Year 2018, Vol 2, Issue 1
Abstract
A two-level half fractional factorial design was employed to evaluate the factors that have the greatest effect on the mercury removal efficiency. Several factors can influence the mercury removal using palm oil fuel ash (POFA). The aim of this study was to examine the main and interaction effects on mercury removal efficiency using POFA. The parameters which affect the mercury removal are pH (2 - 6), contact time (1 hr - 4 hr), initial concentration of the Hg2+ solution (1 mg/L – 5 mg/L), adsorbent dosages (0.10 g – 0.25 g) and agitation speed (100 rpm – 200 rpm) were investigated. Half factorial design using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to determine the significant contribution of the above factors towards mercury removal efficiency. From the statistical analysis, the main factor of contact time and the interaction between adsorbent dosage and initial concentration of the Hg2+ resulted in the strongest effect on mercury removal. However, the interaction between agitation speed and pH was the least influencing factors. Based on the predicted and the experimental results presented, the experimental values were in good agreement with the predicted values proposed by the model with an error less than 10 % and proved to be an adequate model. The result indicated that fractional factorial design (FFD) was useful to improve the mercury removal efficiency by considering all the interactions of variables involved. In summary, this demonstrated that POFA could be potential as low-cost adsorbent for the removal of mercury.
Authors and Affiliations
Imla Syafiqah, Hafizuddin Wan Yussof
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP282260
- DOI 10.26480/wcm.01.2018.10.12
- Views 89
- Downloads 0
GEOCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT AND MODELING OF WATER QUALITY FOR IRRIGATION AND INDUSTRIAL PURPOSES IN OTUOKE AND ENVIRONS, BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA
The study assesses the geochemistry of water quality for irrigation purposes in Otuoke and environs, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Assessment of the water quality for irrigation purposes was achieved using models like Sodium a...
GROUND WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT BY USING GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM AND WATER QUALITY INDEX: A CASE STUDY OF CHOKERA, FAISALABAD, PAKISTAN
Water quality is considered as a major issue in mega cities of developing countries. The city of Faisalabad has over 4 million population. Groundwater is the main source of drinking water in Faisalabad. The groundwater q...
INTEGRATING TWO-STAGE UP-FLOW ANAEROBIC SLUDGE BLANKET WITH A SINGLE-STAGE AEROBIC PACKED-BED REACTORFOR RAW PALM OIL MILL EFFLUENT TREATMENT
Annually, enormous amount of palm oil mill effluent (POME) ranging between 56.58 to 70.55 million m3 are producedduring the production of palm oil. Its acidic and high organic loading characteristics can cause severe wat...
MITIGATION TECHNIQUES TO OVERCOME WATER SCARCITY ISSUES
Water scarcity is one of the tricky constraints not in the favor of constant economic development, social sector and natural veracity in the industrialized and unindustrialized country. To minimize water scarcity, utiliz...
Heavy metal and insecticide distribution and accumulation at the Bertam Agricultural Watershed in Cameron Highlands, Pahang, Malaysia
This study aimed to determine the status of heavy metal concentrations of Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cu, and Fe in the water bodies of Bertam River, Cameron Highlands, which traverses agricultural areas. Water samples were rand...