THERAPEUTIC IMPLICATIONS OF GENETIC RISK VARIANTS FOR CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Journal Title: Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare - Year 2017, Vol 4, Issue 12
Abstract
BACKGROUND This review covers therapeutic implication of genetic risk variant responsible for coronary artery disease by utilising the highdensity single-nucleotide microarrays to screen the entire human genome. The sequence of the human genome provides the blueprint for life. Approximately, 99.5% of the human genome Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) sequence is identical among humans with 0.5% of the genome sequence (15 million bps) accounting for all individual differences. MATERIALS AND METHODS The new technology of the computerised chip array of millions of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) as Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) markers makes it possible to study and detect genetic predisposition to common polygenic disorders such as Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). The sample sizes required for these studies are massive and large; worldwide consortiums such as Coronary Artery Disease Genome-wide Replication and Meta-Analysis (CARDIoGRAM) study have been formed to accommodate this requirement. After the identification of 9p21 progress to detect genetic predisposition has been remarkable. RESULTS There are currently a total of 50 genetic risk variants predisposing to CAD of genome-wide significance with confirmation in independent populations. Rare variants (Minor Allele Frequency, MAF <5%) will require direct sequencing to detect genetic predisposition. CONCLUSION We can develop new biomarkers for detecting early CAD as well as unique targets for novel therapy. The challenge for the future will be to identify the molecular mechanisms mediating the risk of those genetic risk variants that act through nonconventional risk factors. The ultimate objective for the future is the sequencing and functional analysis of the causative polymorphisms for its therapeutic implications.
Authors and Affiliations
Rajiv Kumar Srivastava, Naushaba Dulare Sayyed, Kshitija Chandrashekhar Rane, Dattatraya Shankar Joshi
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP214040
- DOI 10.18410/jebmh/2017/133
- Views 113
- Downloads 0
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF ADDITION OF POTASSIUM CHLORIDE TO BUPIVACAINE ON THE ONSET TIME AND DURATION OF BRACHIAL PLEXUS BLOCK
Background and objectives: Regional anaesthetic technique such as brachial plexus block by supraclavicular approach is widely used for upper limb surgeries. This study compared the addition of potassium chloride to bupiv...
STUDY OF ANTHROPOMETRIC PATTERNS OF SELECTED INDICATORS IN ADULTS OF LOW INCOME RESIDING IN RURAL AREA AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH CVD RISK FACTORS
BACKGROUND Anthropometry is used to assess health of individuals and communities. It is a tool that provides rapid and quantitative assessment of nutritional and clinical states in children, adults or other population gr...
A PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON EFFECT OF PREMEDICATION WITH ORAL MIDAZOLAM ON PREOPERATIVE ANXIETY IN CHILDREN WITH HISTORY OF PREVIOUS SURGERY
BACKGROUND Addressing child anxiety during medical procedures is a growing trend and dental treatment is no exception. MATERIALS AND METHODS Randomized, prospective, double-blind study. Seventy-eight American Society of...
PIGMENTED ACTINIC KERATOSIS MASQUERADING AS MALIGNANT MELANOMA
PRESENTATION OF CASE A 28-year-old Asian, agriculturist by profession, presented to the Department of Ophthalmology with history of two pigmented lesions one each on the temporal and nasal bulbar conjunctiva of the right...
CUTANEOUS MANIFESTATIONS IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES IN PATIENTS ATTENDING TO A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN NORTH KERALA
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) that have many common cutaneous manifestations. At the time of diagnosis of IBD, the mean incidence of cutaneous manifestations is a...