To study the clinical profile, etiological diagnosis and outcome in patients of acute viral meningoencephalitis in a tertiary care centre
Journal Title: Journal of Medical Sciences - Year 2015, Vol 18, Issue 1
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Viral Encephalitis/Meningoencephalitis is an acute clinical syndrome of the CNS, often associated with fatal outcome or severe, permanent damage including cognitive and behavioural impairment, affective disorders and epileptic seizure. HSV, VZV, EBV, & enteroviruses are considered the most frequent pathogens involved. METHOD: Patients with acute febrile illness with neurological symptoms and signs suggestive of viral meningoencephalitis/encephalitis were included. A detailed history, clinical examination and relevant investigations were done. The final outcome was analyzed at the time of discharge and 4 weeks thereafter. A total of 50 patients were included in this study. RESULTS: out of 50 cases, 27 (54%) were males & 23 (46%) were females. The most common clinical feature was headache (n=46, 92%) followed by fever (n=45, 90%), neck stiffness (n=39, 78%), vomiting (n=38, 76%) & seizure (n=24, 48%). CT head was abnormal in 10/46 (21.73%) patients and MRI was abnormal in 23/46 (50%) patients. CSF PCR for HSV1 was positive in 30(60%) patients, followed by VZV in 5 (10%) and Enterovirus in 5(10%) patients. 25(50%) patients made good recovery at the time of discharge and after 1 month. The overall survival in our study was 96% whereas mortality was 4%. CONCLUSION: HSV1 is the most common cause of viral meningoencephalitis/encephalitis and early detection and treatment is important to improve the outcome.
Authors and Affiliations
Sawan Verma, Mushtaq Ahmad Wani, Dilafroze Dilafroze
Keywords
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