TO STUDY THE PREVALENCE OF PRE-CANCEROUS CONDITIONS OF CERVIX- A HOSPITAL-BASED STUDY
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2018, Vol 7, Issue 5
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carcinoma of the cervix is the 3rd most common carcinoma of women. It is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in India. About 86% of cases occur in developing countries and 88% deaths occur due to cervical carcinoma in developing countries. Pap smear is a simple, non-invasive, cost-effective tool in every Gynaecological OPD which can detect abnormal cytological findings of cervix. It can detect pre-cancerous lesions of the cervix at the earliest and effective early treatment can save women from morbidity and mortality. Aims and objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence of pre-cancerous conditions of the cervix in a hospital-based population in Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, Garha Road, Jalandhar, Punjab. MATERIALS AND METHODS A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted. This was questionnaire-based study. Questionnaire was administered to 500 women attending Gynaecological OPD. The questionnaire consisted of the questions regarding the knowledge and awareness about different aspects of cervical cancer. All relevant socio-demographic parameters, detailed history, clinical examination, per speculum examination and Pap smear cytological study were done. This study was approved by Institutional Ethical Committee. 500 women coming to Gynae OPD with chronic discharge P/V, post-coital bleeding, post-menopausal bleeding P/V, other menstrual abnormalities, lower abdominal pain and routine Pap smear screening between age group 18 (or age of 1st coituswhichever was low) till 65 years of age were included in the study. The data collected during the survey was entered in Microsoft Excel and analysed via SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) SPSS version 20. RESULTS Out of 500 cases studied, 458 cases (91.6%) were satisfactory according to Bethesda System. The epithelial cell abnormalities constituted 42 (8.4%). Maximum no. of cases 210 (42%) were in the age group > 40 years. Co-relation of early marriage/ 1st coitus and increasing age with abnormal cytological findings was statistically significant (p value- 0.001) along with cervical morbidity on per speculum findings. The statistically significant co-relation was found (p value- 0.001) between multiparity (40.7%) and abnormal cervical smear findings. ASCUS was (5.4%) followed by LSIL (1.4%), HSIL (0.8%) and SCC (0.8%). CONCLUSION The study clearly shows relatively high prevalence of epithelial abnormalities in cervical Pap smear with increasing age, parity and early age at first coitus in symptomatic women with clinical lesions on per speculum findings. Effective screening with Pap smear definitely helps in early detection of precancerous lesions of cervix. Effective, frequent Pap smear screening programmes should be organised in India, even in the remotest rural areas to prevent the incidence of invasive cervical carcinoma.
Authors and Affiliations
Cheema H. K, Kulbir Kaur, Harshdeep Joshi
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP368748
- DOI 10.14260/jemds/2018/139
- Views 71
- Downloads 0
A RARE CASE OF VITREOUS HEMORRHAGE AND NEOVASCULAR GLAUCOMA AS A MANIFESTATION OF NON SMALL CELL LUNG ADENOCARCINOMA WITH CHOROIDIAL METASTASIS
[b] BACKGROUND[/b]: Tumor metastasis to the eye is a rare complication of lung cancer. Metastasis to the choroid in patients with lung cancer is associated mainly with small cell carcinoma. Hemorrhage is an unusua...
DETERMINATION OF THE EPILATION FORCE
BACKGROUND Hair loss is a common problem encountered either due to pathological causes or nutritional deficiencies. Trichotillometer is a device that is used to determine the force required to pluck the hair. Trichotillo...
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE RISK FACTORS IN WOMEN- A STUDY ON SERUM LIPIDS AND LIPOPROTEINS
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases are now the most common cause of death worldwide. Most of the risk factors for coronary artery disease were similar for both men and women, but some are unique to women. The present stu...
INCIDENTAL LEIOMYOMA IN MESH HERNIOPLASTY
Incidental finding of leiomyoma is rare finding and can mimic an inguinal hernia or both can occur at a time. Very small mass beside hernia sac identified during exploration of the inguinal canal. Inguinal hern...
AN EVALUATION OF DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF C-REACTIVE PROTEIN, TOTAL LEUKOCYTE COUNT, NEUTROPHIL COUNT AND ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE APPENDICITIS
BACKGROUND Acute appendicitis remains the most frequent cause of lower abdominal pain requiring surgery. The diagnosis of acute appendicitis relies largely on clinical assessment, but in the era of evidence based medicin...