Tolerance of monocytes and macrophages in response to bacterial endotoxin
Journal Title: Advances in Hygiene and Experimental Medicine - Year 2017, Vol 71, Issue
Abstract
Monocytes belong to myeloid effector cells, which constitute the first line of defense against pathogens, also called the nonspecific immune system and play an important role in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. In response to stimulation, monocytes differentiate into macrophages capable of microorganism phagocytosis and secrete factors that play a key role in the regulation of immune responses. However excessive exposure of monocytes/macrophages to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Gram negative bacteria leads to the acquisition of immune tolerance by these cells. Such state results from disruption of different biological processes, for example intracellular signaling pathways and is accompanied by a number of disease states (immune, inflammatory or neoplastic conditions). Regulation of monocytes/macrophages activity is controlled by miRNAs, which are involved in the modulation of immune tolerance acquired by these cells. Moreover, the tolerance to endotoxin is conditioned by the posttranscriptional processes and posttranslational epigenetic modifications leading to the impairment of normal immune response for example by alterations in the expression of many genes encoding immune signaling mediators. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview existing knowledge on the modulation of activity of monocytes/macrophages in response to bacterial endotoxin and impaired immune responses.
Aktywność biologiczna i stabilność in vitro ekstraktów polifenolowych jako potencjalnych suplementów diety
Polymorphisms of codon 72 of the TP53 gene in endometrial carcinoma of postmenopausal women
Introduction: The aim of this study was to detect TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism in postmenopausal patients with endometrial cancer (EC), to evaluate the risk of EC connected with it, as well to check for possible relationsh...
Heterotopia trzustkowa i żołądkowa w przewodzie pokarmowym
Obecność przeciwciał anty-HEV IgG u 182 polskich pacjentów
Paxillin and its role in the aging process of skin cells
Morphology of senescent cells is constantly changing at the molecular level, which in turn leads to disruption of their function. It is connected with reduced ability to synthesize extracellular matrix (ECM) and leads to...