Transplacental Transport of Fluoride, Calcium and Magnesium
Journal Title: National Journal of Integrated Research in Medicine - Year 2011, Vol 2, Issue 3
Abstract
Background: In fluorosis endemic area, the amount of fluoride transferred to the fetus is significant in determining the early onset of fluorosis. The role played by placenta in transporting fluoride and other ions which are present in high concentrations in the local drinking water is studied. Aims & Objectives: The aim of the present study is to decipher the role of placenta in transport of fluoride to the fetus and to analyze the placental binding & distribution of fluoride, calcium and magnesium within the placenta. Materials & Methods: 200 healthy pregnant women aged between 17- 28 yrs were inducted in the study. All the women had a normal & uneventful delivery. The maternal blood, cord blood & placenta were collected immediately after delivery. The placenta was divided into 3 parts- the maternal side, fetal side & the peripheral. Separate tissue extracts were prepared from each site and analyzed. Fluoride, calcium and magnesium were quantified from the samples. Results: The average drinking water fluoride was 1.64±0.49ppm and ground water fluoride was 10.94±2.09ppm. Fluoride concentration of placenta on the maternal side was 1.62±0.787 ppm and in the periphery it was2.54±1.54 ppm (p<0.001) while that of the fetal side of placenta was1.41±0.776 ppm. Maternal and cord blood fluoride levels were1.21±0.79ppm and 0.45±0.304 ppm respectively (p<0.001). The concentrations of calcium in the maternal blood and cord blood were 9.67±1.53mg% and 9.89±1.89 mg% respectively (P<0. 5). The levels of calcium in the placenta were 8.79±1.36 mg%, 9.68±1.69 mg%, 13.87±3.32 mg% respectively on the maternal surface, fetal surface and periphery (p<0.001). The magnesium concentration on the peripheral part of placenta was twofold higher than that of the maternal serum and cord serum (p<0.001) indicating a significant accumulation of magnesium on the peripheral parts of the placenta. However, the differences in the magnesium concentrations of the placenta on the maternal and fetal surfaces with that of the maternal and cord blood sera were found to be insignificant. Conclusion: The results show that, Fluoride, Calcium and Magnesium accumulate in placenta, with the highest concentration being in the marginal part. The placenta therefore acts as a barrier to the transport of fluoride ions and protects against early fluorosis. [Gurumurthy S M et al. NJIRM 2011; 2(3) : 51-55].
Authors and Affiliations
Gurumurthy Sastry M, Shruti Mohanty, Sapna Vyakaranam, Aparna Varma Bhongir, Pragna Rao
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP40154
- DOI -
- Views 354
- Downloads 0
Bacterial Diversity in Patients with Oral Ulceration in Behcet's Disease
Background: Behcet's disease is a chronic, relapsing, multi-system inflammatory disorder, clinically characterized by recurrent oral and genital ulcers, skin lesions, and uveitis. Environmental factors such as infectio...
Morphometric Study Of Pterion In Dry Skull Of Gujarat Region
The pterion is a commonly used landmark on neurocranium; classified in four types: sphenoparietal, frontotemporal, stellate and epipteric. In this study we have found out morphology and location of pterion of skull of...
Comparative Study of Fenugreek Seeds on Glycemic Index In High And Medium Dietary Fiber Containing Diets In NIDDM Patients
Background: Several studies have reported the hypoglycemic property of Fenugreek seeds (Trigonella foenum graecum), a commonly used condiment in Indian homes, due to its high dietary fiber content. Method: A total of 2...
Journal Impact Factor
Like nuclear energy, the impact factor has become a mixed blessing. I expected that it would be used constructively while recognizing that in the wrong hands it might be abused. In the early 1960s Irving H. Sher and...
Effect of Amnioinfusion on Outcome of Neonates Born With Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid
Background & Objective: Meconium stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Amnioinfusion can decrease complications of MSAF. The objective was to study role of Amnioinfusion...