TREATMENT OF IDIOPATHIC CHRONIC ORCHIALGIA WITH TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION (TENS): A PRELIMINARY RESULT
Journal Title: International Journal of Surgery and Medicine - Year 2016, Vol 2, Issue 1
Abstract
Purpose: Unilateral or bilateral testicular pain lasting more than three months is called as chronic orchialgia. Approximately 25-50% of chronic orchialgia is the idiopathic origin. This study aimed the effectiveness of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) therapy due to Idiopathic Chronic Orchialgia (ICO). Methods: Five patients were included in this study with ICO that diagnosed with physical examination, urine analyses, urinary system x-ray film, and scrotal Doppler ultrasound. Medical history revealed that multiple conservative therapy attempts failed to alleviate the pain. Two of the patients had right sided ICO. Traditional TENS device is placed to the most painful points. TENS applied three times in a week with duration 30 minutes for four weeks. Before and after TENS application, patients were evaluated by using Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at first and third months. Results: Median age of patients was 26.20±2.38 (22-30). Mean VAS value was 6.52 ± 0.89 before the procedure. After 1 month VAS value was 3.82 ± 0.83 (p<0.05). VAS value was 5.67±0.44 at the end of the third month (p>0.05). None of the patients needed any analgesics after during the one month. No complications, hyperemia or hypoesthesia of the scrotal or penile skin, occurred after the procedure. Conclusion: TENS reduces pain by increasing endorphin release in the spinal cord dorsal horn. TENS is very effective method for first one month in patients with ICO, but its effect reduces the time. There is no standard therapeutic protocol for idiopathic chronic orchialgia. Therefore, TENS may be an alternative for patients who do not benefit from medical therapy and do not want invasive procedures. Short-term use of TENS and a low number of the patients are the limitations of this study. Randomized, placebo-controlled, and longer follow-up period studies are needed to assess better the efficacy of TENS for ICO.
Authors and Affiliations
Ekrem Akdeniz, Mustafa Bolat, Sevda Akdeniz
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP255847
- DOI 10.5455/ijsm.urology04
- Views 100
- Downloads 0
BREAST CANCER AND ITS IMPACT IN SOCIETY AT A GLANCE
The first in a series of reviews discusses the literature published so far relating to breast cancer including: epidemiology of the disease, economic impact, pathology of breast cancer as it remains the most common cance...
TREATMENT OF RENAL STONES WITH PERCUTANEOUS NEPHROLITHOTOMY IMPROVES RENAL FUNCTIONS IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS
In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of percutaneous nephrolithotomy on kidney functions in stage III or higher chronic renal failure patients using glomerular filtration rate and serum creatinine level. Me...
BREAST CANCER RISK EVALUATION - A CORRELATION BETWEEN MAMMOGRAPHIC DENSITY AND THE GAIL MODEL
The Gail model is a statistical tool, which assesses breast cancer probability, based on nonmodifiable risk factors. In contrast, the evaluation of mammographic breast density is an independent and dynamic risk factor in...
LOBAR TORSION FOLLOWING LEFT UPPER LOBECTOMY WITH VATS APPROACH: A CASE REPORT
Torsion or twisting of the left lower lobe following left upper lobe lobectomy is a rare, but severe complication. According to the literature, the outcome of this complication is necrotic pneumonitis, most often followe...
THE EFFECT OF HYDROGEN PEROXIDE ON THE HEALING OF THE LAID OPEN WOUND IN THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC SACROCOCCYGEAL PILONIDAL SINUS: A RETROSPECTIVE DATABASE ANALYSIS OF 500 PATIENTS
Background: Many clinical studies reported excellent results when the lay open method was used as a treatment of chronic sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus, despite leaving the wound open for long time, and the increased ris...