Trends in antibiotic susceptibility of enteric fever isolates from South India, 2002-2013
Journal Title: Medical Journal Armed Forces - Year 2019, Vol 75, Issue 1
Abstract
Background: Enteric fever is endemic in India. Trends in antibiotic resistance in Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A isolates over the past 12 years were studied. Methods: A retrospective analysis of consecutive blood culture isolates of Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi A was performed from 2002 to 2013. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out for ampicillin, chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole, nalidixic acid (NA), ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone by disc diffusion. The minimum inhibitory concentration of ciprofloxacin and azithromycin was determined using E-test strips. Mantel-Haenszel extended chi-square test was used for analysis of trends across years. Results: Three thousand two hundred ninety-six Salmonella spp. were isolated; of which, 1905 were identified as Salmonella Typhi (58%) and 1393 as Salmonella Paratyphi A (42%). Multidrug resistance (chloramphenicol, ampicillin and cotrimoxazole) was relatively stable throughout the study period. NA resistance increased from 18% in 2007 to 100% in 2013 among Salmonella Paratyphi A isolates and from 67% to 82% among Salmonella Typhi isolates. Complete susceptibility to ceftriaxone and azithromycin was observed in this study. Conclusions: Knowledge of the local patterns of resistance would help in appropriate therapy for enteric fever. With increasing rates of fluoroquinolone resistance in our hospital setting, it is probably prudent to revert back to the first-line agents for treatment and save azithromycin and third-generation cephalosporins for difficult and non-responsive cases.
Authors and Affiliations
Sangeeta Joshi
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP666053
- DOI 10.1016/j.mjafi.2018.08.002
- Views 53
- Downloads 0
Scrub typhus strikes back: Are we ready?
Scrub typhus has struck back, albeit with renewed vigour, impacting areas with previously known endemicity as also impressing newer expanses. It is not surprising, therefore, that Scrub typhus has emerged as a leading ca...
Serum PSA levels in Indian population. Is it really different?
Authors concluded that the age wise PSA (mean) in present study was higher as compared to other Indian studies2 being a hospital based study but authors have not specified whether these 2124 patients had LUTS or not.
Outbreak of Prototheca wickerhamii algaemia and sepsis in a tertiary care chemotherapy oncology unit
Background: Prototheca is an emerging, opportunistic, pathogenic, zoonotic achlorophyllous green alga, expanding in pathogenicity and host range, causing localized and disseminated infections. This outbreak of Prototheca...
Correlation between cerebral co-oximetry (rSO2) and outcomes in traumatic brain injury cases: A prospective, observational study
Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is known to be an important reason for the increase in disabilities and deaths worldwide. Studies have demonstrated that brain tissue oxygen (PO2) monitoring reduces mortality sig...
Comparison of balloon dacryocystorhinostomy with conventional endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy for relief of acquired distal nasolacrimal drainage obstruction and its impact on quality of life: A prospective, randomized, controlled study
Background: We compared balloon dacryocystorhinostomy with conventional endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy for the management of acquired distal nasolacrimal obstruction and the quality of life post procedure. Methods: 98...