Tutoring as a Component of the Shadow Education and Approaches to Its Assessment in Ukraine

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Tutoring as a Component of the Shadow Education and Approaches to Its Assessment in Ukraine

Journal Title: Демографія та соціальна економіка - Year 2017, Vol 1, Issue

Abstract

The prevalence of tutoring is the least studied domain of education in Ukraine, particularly with regard to the restricted opportunities to its analysis based on the official statistics of education. When summarizing international experience, we can argue that private supplementary learning within basic curriculum should be regarded as an integral part of the shadow education. Thus, a range of methodological problems can be solved. A rapid accumulation of empirical data about private tutoring at international and national levels allow us to concentrate at prevailing directions in academic literature on the causes and consequences of the shadow education expansion to define its parameters, modes and localization. A combination of various data sources on providers and recipients of supplementary education services allow obtaining of new quantitative and qualitative data, including analysis of subjects of producing and consuming the shadow education. Data of 2004–2016 sociological surveys for the problems of tutoring in Ukraine have been analyzed. The study revealed that this phenomenon is quite prevalent among future entrants, despite of introduction of the External Independent Evaluation in 2008. The most informative data sources in terms of private tutoring in Ukraine are presented by special sociological surveys and specialized internet-sites. Still, the methodology of the program «Household Budget Survey» in Ukraine suggests such opportunities. As a supplementary tool of assessment of intensity of tutoring in Ukraine, the Google Trends specialize service can be used.

Authors and Affiliations

О. М. Khmelevska

Keywords

EP ID EP176727
DOI 10.15407/dse2017.01.037
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