Type 2 diabetes mellitus: from genes to disease.
Journal Title: Pharmacological Reports - Year 2005, Vol 57, Issue
Abstract
The development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is determined by two factors: genetics and environment. The genetic background of T2DM is undoubtedly heterogeneous. Most patients with T2DM exhibit two different defects: the impairment of insulin secretion and decreased insulin sensitivity. This means that there are at least two pathophysiological pathways and at least two groups of genes that may be involved in the pathogenesis of T2DM. As far as genetic bacground of T2DM is concerned, the disease may be divided into two large groups: monogenic and polygenic forms. In this review, we present genesknown to cause rare monogenic forms of diabetes with predominant insulin deficiency (MODY - maturity-onset diabetes of the young, MIDD - maternally inherited diabetes with deafness) and uncommon syndromes of severe insulin resistance. We also describe some of the main approaches used to identify genes involved in the more common forms of T2D and the reasons for the lack of spectacular success in this field. Although major genes for T2DM still await to be discovered, we have probably established a "road map" that we should follow.
Authors and Affiliations
Maciej Malecki, Tomasz Klupa
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP96477
- DOI -
- Views 117
- Downloads 0
Effects of valproic acid (VPA) and levetiracetam (LEV) on proliferation, apoptosis and hormone secretion of the human choriocarcinoma BeWo cell line.
Epilepsy has been associated with poor obstetric outcomes that may be the result of the epilepsy or a direct effect of anti-epileptic drugs on placentation. To investigate any direct effect of anti-epileptic drugs on cel...
Natural and synthetic acridines/acridones as antitumor agents: their biological activities and methods of synthesis.
Acridine derivatives constitute a class of compounds that are being intensively studied as potential anticancer drugs. Acridines are well-known for their high cytotoxic activity; however, their clinical application is li...
Influence of agmatine on the protective action of numerous antiepileptic drugs against pentetrazole-induced seizures in mice.
The aim of this study was to assess the influence of agmatine (an endogenous neuromodulator/neurotransmitter in the brain) on the protective action of numerous classical and second-generation antiepileptic drugs (clonaze...
Impact of postnatal dexamethasone on psychotomimetic effects of MK-801 measured on adult rats.
The present study investigates the impact of dexamethasone (DEX) given in tapering doses in the postnatal period on MK-801-induced locomotor activity and MK-801-evoked deficits of sensorimotor gating of adult rats (60 da...
Contribution of the mGluR7 receptor to antiparkinsonian-like effects in rats: a behavioral study with the selective agonist AMN082.
Background: Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) have been shown to be potential targets for numerous neurological diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD). We previously reported that ACPT-1, a non-selective gr...