Type 2 diabetes mellitus: from genes to disease.
Journal Title: Pharmacological Reports - Year 2005, Vol 57, Issue
Abstract
The development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is determined by two factors: genetics and environment. The genetic background of T2DM is undoubtedly heterogeneous. Most patients with T2DM exhibit two different defects: the impairment of insulin secretion and decreased insulin sensitivity. This means that there are at least two pathophysiological pathways and at least two groups of genes that may be involved in the pathogenesis of T2DM. As far as genetic bacground of T2DM is concerned, the disease may be divided into two large groups: monogenic and polygenic forms. In this review, we present genesknown to cause rare monogenic forms of diabetes with predominant insulin deficiency (MODY - maturity-onset diabetes of the young, MIDD - maternally inherited diabetes with deafness) and uncommon syndromes of severe insulin resistance. We also describe some of the main approaches used to identify genes involved in the more common forms of T2D and the reasons for the lack of spectacular success in this field. Although major genes for T2DM still await to be discovered, we have probably established a "road map" that we should follow.
Authors and Affiliations
Maciej Malecki, Tomasz Klupa
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP96477
- DOI -
- Views 118
- Downloads 0
ICAM-1 signaling in endothelial cells.
Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1; CD54) is a 90 kDa member of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily and is critical for the firm arrest and transmigration of leukocytes out of blood vessels and into tissues. ICAM-...
Function of the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system in rats with myocardial infarction is modified by melatonin.
Pineal and melatonin interactions with the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system are well documented. In addition, vasopressin and oxytocin secretion are known to be part of the neuroendocrine response to chronic heart fai...
Effect of co-treatment with fluoxetine or mirtazapine and risperidone on the active behaviors and plasma corticosterone concentration in rats subjected to the forced swim test.
Several clinical reports have postulated a beneficial effect of the addition of a low dose of risperidone to the ongoing treatment with antidepressants in treatment-resistant depression.
Colchicines-induced neurotoxicity as an animal model of sporadic dementia of Alzheimer's type.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia disorder of elderly affecting millions of people. The pathophysiology of the disease is complex and involves multiple pathways of neuronal damage. Sporadic dem...
Effect of peptide and nonpeptide antagonists of angiotensin II receptors on noradrenaline release in hypothalamus of rats with angiotensin II-induced increase of water intake.
Angiotensin II (Ang II) administered intracerebroventriculary (icv) at a dose that induces drinking behavior in rats significantly increased K(+)-stimulated release of [(3)H] noradrenaline (NA) in hypothalamus without af...