Українська греко-католицька церква у Німеччині (1945 - 1950 рр.)
Journal Title: Науковий вісник Чернівецького національного університету імені Юрія Федьковича. Історія - Year 2016, Vol 1, Issue
Abstract
The author aims at clarifying the functions, performed by Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church in displaced persons camps in West Germany in 1945 1950. Ukrainian church and religious life in postwar West Germany, according to the central offices of the Ukrainian emigration in Germany as of January 1948, was presented Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church (67% of believers), Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (31% of believers), Evangelical Baptist Churches and other (2% of believers). The churches have been a positive influence on the life of the Ukrainian community in the camps of displaced persons. In the ranks of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church versus Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church were more clergy. The reason was that the Church had in the pre-war years and the more favorable development as opposed to Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church has suffered persecution from the Soviet authorities. As of 1947 207 priests served 78 thousands Ukrainian Greek Catholics in Germany. At the end of the war Ukrainian church and religious life began to acquire organizational forms. So, soon the efforts of each community chaplaincy camp arranged a chapel, and in some displaced persons camps built wooden churches. The clergy endeavored to regular worship, but in practice usually they occur no more frequently than once a month. Church in the camps for displaced persons and the Ukrainian community has repeatedly opposed the antireligious policy of the Kremlin. For example, the faithful followed the events that took place in the church and religious life in Ukraine and in 1946 held a number of shares protestation about a «Lvov cathedral». In 1949 was carried Kronberg demonstration of protest against the persecution of religion in the Soviet Union. Faithful Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church is widely celebrated 350th anniversary of the Union of Brest. In churches and chapels held public worship. In the postwar West Germany Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church raised the issue of unification of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church and Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church as a precondition Ukrainian national liberation. However, churches incorporation did not occur. At the end of 1947 Pope Pius XII appointed Apostolic Visitator Ukrainian in Western Europe Buchko Ivav (1891 1974). Bishop Ivav Buchko has made great efforts to solve the problems of Ukrainian displaced persons were in the postwar years in Austria, England, Belgium, Italy, Germany, France, Switzerland and other European countries. Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church has launched a significant publishing. It gave the largest number of periodicals compared with the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church and Evangelical churches of 8. Of these, two the Christian way (Mittenwald) and Christian voice (Munich) were common weekly. The printed organ of the Church was the «Government Herald». Thus, in the early postwar years, the life of Ukrainian Greek Catholic community acquired organizational forms. Among the functions that are performed in the period of the underlying Church should be called compensation (compensation for the psychological level of powerlessness and dependence displaced from the realities of contemporary life), therapeutic (preservation of peace of mind and social optimism Ukrainian community in Germany), political and legal (Church kept abreast of religious events in Ukraine, defended the interests of both the Church and the Ukrainian people in general), communicative (was built and equipped the church and the chapel where the faithful were able to communicate with God and each other), charity (material support of individual believers, Ukrainian educational, scientific and public organizations) cultural (Church had a significant impact on the development of different spheres of Ukrainian culture postwar Germany).
Authors and Affiliations
Olena Podobyed
Keywords
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