Understanding the Diagnosis of Viral Meningo-Encephalitis in India: A Systematic Review
Journal Title: Journal of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology - Year 2023, Vol 4, Issue 2
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Diagnosis of viral meningoencephalitis is very crucial for recognizing the occurrence of epidemics and for instituting appropriate treatment. The diagnostic capability of the country can be ascertained by studying the published reports of viral meningoencephalitis in our country from reputed scientific literature. Hence, we aimed to study the diagnostic methods used for viral meningo encephalitis from Indian studies indexed in PubMed database. Methods: The data was gathered from human studies of actual cases of viral meningitis, encephalitis or meningoencephalitis in India up to 8th August 2016 [earliest study found was from the year 1988] indexed in PubMed database. Results: A total of 186 articles were included from 1548 studies screened. Clinical diagnosis over arched all the methods of diagnosis of viral meningoencephalitis in all the studies. Only 23.1% studies reported definitive confirmation of the infectious agent by PCR. Only 34.3% studies reported any microbiological tests for viral etiology. SGPGI, NIV AND NIMHANS were the three major centers reporting molecular diagnosis. Over three decades PCR has superseded antibody testing for viral meningoencephalitis diagnosis. Interpretation and Conclusion: Our analysis shows that the diagnosis of viral meningo encephalitis in India is mainly based on clinical diagnosis. Definitive diagnosis by molecular diagnostic methods can be achieved with the establishment of a greater number of molecular viral diagnostic and research labs.
Authors and Affiliations
Sridhar Amalakanti1*, Dileep Dumala2, Jyothi Priya Jillella3, Ovais Ullah Shirazi1
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP720224
- DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.46889/JCIM.2023.4204
- Views 52
- Downloads 0
Automatic Extraction of Epidemic-Related Sites in COVID-19 Media Reports of Webpages Based on Conditional Random Field Model
Background: Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, in early December 2019, the Chinese government has formed a mode of information disclosure. More than 400 cities have announced specific location informat...
Eating Food that Flushes the Lymph System is Essential for Preventing Cancer, Alzheimer and Autoimmune Diseases
In my article, I underlined that to be healthy we need to periodically: 1) Flush the lymph system (which fills the space between the cells) with a combination of turmeric, ginger and garlic; and 2) Flush also the parasit...
Is Diabetes Epidemic? – Symbiosis as Collective Consciousness
According to recent CDC data, in the US 10.5% of the population has diabetes, but another 21.4% are not diagnosed. This totals to 1/3 of the US population having diabetes in 2019 and the number steadily increases every...
Chikungunya: A Neglected Tropical Disease
Chikungunya, a mosquito-transmitted viral disease endemic to tropical regions is recurring in epidemic waves over the last 15 years, with outbreaks becoming increasingly severe, infecting over one million people annual...
Psoriatic Manifestation on a Healed Herpes Zoster Lesion: A Case of Koebner Phenomenon Resistant to TNF-α Inhibitors
Herpes Zoster (HZ) and psoriasis are common cutaneous diseases and in some patients psoriatic manifestations may appear over healed HZ lesions. This manifestation has been defined as Koebner Phenomenon (KP) or Wolf Iso...