Utility of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in the Diagnosis of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis: Study at a Tertiary Care Centre of Kashmir Valley
Journal Title: International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research - Year 2018, Vol 5, Issue 4
Abstract
Introduction: Tuberculosis(TB) can involve any organ system of our body. While pulmonary TB is most common presentation, extra pulmonary tuberculosis is also equally important problem. Cervical lymph nodes are the commonest site of involvement.This Extrapulmonary manifestation as peripheral lymphadenopathy or palpable intra-abdominal masses can be diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), a technique that is gaining increasing acceptance in the diagnosis of palpable masses and lymphadenopathies. Study objective was to determine the role of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Materials and methods: The study was conducted in the department of pathology of Sher e Kashmir institute of medical sciences for a period of 4 years from 2013 to 2016. Patients were all subjected to FNAC. Aspirates were smeared on microscopic slides and stained using Geimsa stain(MGG). Smears showing features of tuberculosis were further stained with Ziehl Neelsen stains specific for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Family history of tuberculosis and previous history of anti tubercular treatment was simultaneously taken from these patients. Results: 125 patients were diagnosed as extrapulmonary tuberculosis. They included 72 males (57.6%) and 53 females (42.4%). Aspirates were mainly from nodes (92%), breast (5.6%), skin (2.4%). Among the nodes involved, cervical nodes were mostly involved (80.8%). Positive family history of tuberculosis and prior treatment of tuberculosis was seen in 10 cases. Microscopically,epitheloid cell collection(granulomas) was seen in 98.4% cases with caseous necrosis seen in 41.6%. AFB was positive in 52% cases.remaining cases showed morphological features consistent with tuberculosis. Conclusion: Although histopathology with culture has been the gold standard of diagnosing tuberculosis, fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) as an inexpensive, less invasive procedure is useful for early diagnosis of tuberculosis and timely initiation of specific therapy
Authors and Affiliations
Syed Besina Yasin, Subuh Parvez Khan, Fiza Parvez Khan
Keywords
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