Variant Antigens Characterize Pathologic Immune Complexes in Severe Plasmodium falciparum Malaria
Journal Title: Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research - Year 2014, Vol 2, Issue 12
Abstract
Introduction: Plasmodium falciparum infection is characterized by deadly complications such as severe malaria-associated anaemia (SMA) and cerebral malaria (CM). The exact mechanisms underlying pathogenesis of these severe forms of Plasmodium falciparum malaria are not fully understood yet they are associated with a lot of morbidity and mortality. Studies have shown a link between severe P. falciparum malaria and levels of circulating immune complexes (CIC) but the exact role of these CICs and the specific malarial antigens involved in the pathogenesis of severe P. falciparum malaria is still unclear. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the qualitative differences in P. falciparum antigens in serum immune complexes (ICs) between children with the severe forms of Plasmodium falciparum malaria and those with uncomplicated malaria. It was aimed at identifying and characterizing the predominant P. falciparum antigens that contribute to IC formation in these clinical groups. Methods: ICs were purified using polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation and dissociated using an acidic buffer (Glycine-HCL pH 2.0). These were then electrophoresed on one-dimensional and two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel blotted by Western transfer and revealed using human hyperimmune sera. Results: Six distinct P. falciparum antigens were found to be associated with severe malarial anaemia while another three antigens were associated with cerebral malaria when compared to their respective controls. An antigen with approximately 91 kDa was highly associated with SA (P < 0.01) while a slightly lighter antigen of about 87 kDa was significantly associated with CM (P < 0.01). Conclusion: These findings may point to differences in qualitative characteristics of ICs in children with SMA and CM and give insight into potential mechanisms of the disease. The findings further suggest differing target of humoral immunity in the severe forms of malaria.
Authors and Affiliations
Erick K Mibei
Keywords
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