Vitamin D as an Immunomodulatory and Antioxidant Molecule: Association Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Systemic Sclerosis
Journal Title: Turkish Journal of Immunology - Year 2019, Vol 7, Issue 1
Abstract
Vitamin D is activated in skin of mammals through sun light or a small amount of vitamin D is taken in with diet. Biologically inactive form of vitamin D is hydroxylated in liver and is converted to its active form, 1-25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 in renal tubule. Active form of vitamin D is known as a prohormone and associated with vitamin D receptor (VDR). Biological functions that initiate with binding of Vitamin D to VDR are related to many processes such as mineral metabolism, regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation, as well as its association with regulation of immune response and control of oxidative stress. Systemic sclerosis (SS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by skin and internal organ involvement. Its etiology is still unclear however it is accepted that oxidative stress is one of the most important mechanisms of pathogenesis. This review summarizes the current worldwide literature on vitamin D metabolism and its molecular pathway, effects of vitamin D as an immunomodulatory and antioxidant molecule, current hypotheses for SS pathogenesis as a rare autoimmune disease and the importance of oxidative stress and vitamin D deficiency in SS patients.
Authors and Affiliations
Nazlı Ecem DAL, Hüray İŞLEKEL
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP668841
- DOI 10.25002/tji.2019.945
- Views 100
- Downloads 0
Vitamin D as an Immunomodulatory and Antioxidant Molecule: Association Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Systemic Sclerosis
Vitamin D is activated in skin of mammals through sun light or a small amount of vitamin D is taken in with diet. Biologically inactive form of vitamin D is hydroxylated in liver and is converted to its active form, 1-25...
Comparison of Peripheral Blood Th17 Cells and Associated Cytokines in Fingolimod-Receiving and Untreated Multiple Sclerosis Patients
Introduction: Th17 cells are critical mediators of pathology in several autoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of this study was to quantify Th17 cells and-associated cytokines in the peripheral b...
The Significant Effect of Conditioned Medium of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Histological Improvement of Cartilage Defect in Wistar Rats
Introduction: Mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent cells present in multiple tissues that have potential for future disease treatment including cartilage damage. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of condit...
Increased Level of Interleukin-17 in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and its Association with Vitamin D Deficiency
Introduction: The up-regulation of interleukin-17 (IL-17) has been reported to be the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). On the other hand, vitamin D deficiency is fairly prevalent in T1D. This study aims to...
Molecular characterization of Amandin, an Allergen from Almond (Prunus dulcis) and the Effect of Heat and Enzymatic Treatments on Human IgE and Rabbit IgG Sensitivity to Almond Allergens
Background: Several clinical studies have shown that the allergy to nuts has increased significantly in recent years. Almond allergy is one of the most significant allergies in several countries. For this reason, we were...