Vitamin D deficiency in India
Journal Title: Journal of the Indian Medical Association - Year 2018, Vol 116, Issue 10
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in India across all age groups and geographical regions. Several factors are responsible for this widespread deficiency of vitamin D such as sun-avoiding behavior, atmospheric pollution, lack of vitamin D in common food items consumed in India and so on. Clinical features of vitamin D deficiency depends upon the age of the person. In the growing age, vitamin D deficiency causes rickets that manifest as growth plate abnormalities. In adults, vitamin D deficiency leads to osteomalacia that manifest as easy to break bones. Mild to moderate vitamin D deficiency in adults leads to bone loss, probably secondary to elevated parathyroid hormone. Vitamin D insufficiency has also been associated with a number of chronic inflammatory and neoplastic disorders. However, the causal role of vitamin D insufficiency in these disorders is yet to be proved. Several doses and regimens have been used for preventing and treating vitamin D deficiency. Overzealous correction of vitamin D deficiency has also lead to the increased incidence of vitamin D toxicity. In this article, we will discuss the overview of burden of vitamin D deficiency in India, its clinical presentations as well as some suggestions for treating vitamin D deficiency.
Authors and Affiliations
Mohammad Shafi Kuchay, Ambrish Mithal
Keywords
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