W obleganej twierdzy każde odstępstwo jest zdradą”. Polityka władz kubańskich wobec środowisk twórczych i intelektualnych po 1959 roku
Journal Title: Historia i Polityka - Year 2010, Vol 0, Issue 2
Abstract
This article is an attemptto presentthe Cuban government policy towards artists and intellectual circles after 1959. The cultural policy of the Cuban regime focused on adjusting all intellectual and artistic activity to the only valid ideology. In the years 1959-1965, the artists and intellectuals were compelled to join institutions controlled by the government. The freedom of thought and creation was subordinated to the dictate of the State: defense of revolution and construction of socialism. Individuals unwillingto cooperate, distantfrom the ideał of the "revolutionary subject” or demonstrating critical attitude automatically became interior enemies that were persecuted and obliged to obey. In the end of the 1980’s, with the fali of the social- ist błock, the hope for changes arose in Cuba. In response to awakening of intellectuals and dissidents, the government tightened the system of repression: in the Law 88, enacted in 1999, further sanctions against freedom of communication were introduced. The government increased persecution of independent journalists, human rights activists and authors of independent cultural initiatives. In 2003, 75 dissidents - most of them promoters of the Varela Project and members of the Movimiento Cristiano Liberación - were arrested and sentenced to many years of imprisonment under the Law 88. The assuming of power by Raul Castro in July 2006 did notbring any change; on the contrary, persecutions were intensified. There is a growing number of Cubans sentenced on the charge of a "precriminal social danger”. In view of this, the government’s tolerance of marginal opposition in the "besieged fortress” - paradoxcally - may be simultaneously used as another method of spreading terror among Cuban citizens.
Authors and Affiliations
Marta Wójtowicz-Wcisło
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP258664
- DOI 10.12775/1414
- Views 45
- Downloads 0
Advantages and Disadvantages of the Contemporary Relationship between China and Africa
The Chinese government is expanding Chinese culture and philosophy to support achievement of its political and economic goals as well as its international relations activities. In this context, African students are encou...
Dobór źródeł w badaniach empirycznych z zakresu stosunków międzynarodowych
Kwestia wyboru metody selekcji źródeł w badaniach empirycznych z zakresu stosunków międzynarodowych z jednej strony wynika z praktyki metod przyjętych w ramach badań historycznych, z drugiej zaś z ograniczeń i możliwości...
Joanna Sanecka Tyczyńska Państwo obywatelskie i wspólnota polityczna Studium o myśli politycznej Prawa i Sprawiedliwości Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej Lublin 2011, ss. 302
recenzja
Susan E. Scarrow, Beyond Party Members. Changing Approaches to Partisan Mobilization, Oxford 2015, pp. 240.
recenzja
Social Politics of Civil Society
This paper presents a cross-cultural overview of the features of the dynamics of the perception of the concepts of “society”, “politics”, and “state”. The work raises the issue of complex and multifaceted individual cons...