WAR AND PEACE IN BLACK SEA-CASPIAN SEA REGION (1945-1946): ASPECTS REGARDING TURKEY AND IRAN AT THE COLD WAR BEGGINING
Journal Title: Revista Romana de Studii Eurasiatice - Year 2005, Vol 1, Issue 1
Abstract
The end of the World War II doesn’t automatically bring the long awaited peace for all. Turkey and Iran, two countries who had not been war theaters become two of the earliest stages of the next war, the Cold one. The object of this paper is to bring into light some of the evolutions from the above mentioned period which caused these contries great troubles in defending there own national integrity. For Turkey, tensions arise when Soviet Union refused to prolong the bilateral Treaty of friendship. In addition, through Molotov voice, Soviet Union demanded territories in North Eastern Turkey and some changes in the Bosphorus and Dardanelles Straits regime established by Montreux Convention from 1936. These demands were backed by troops movements in Bulgaria, Romania and Caucasus and by a frequent antiturkish press campaigns. But Turkey situation cannot be correctly understanded without a necesary analysis of those of her oriental neighbour, Iran. Indeed, Iran, whose integrity was guaranteed by the Allied Powers during the war was soon to be confronted, from late 1945 with secessionist tendencies orchestrated by the Moscow which wanted, through a puppet regime in Iranian Azerbaidjan, to ensure his control over one of the important oil region. Obviously, these situation endangered the integrity of Iran but, in the same time, represented a way to put more pressure upon Turkey, forced to maintained, in this new situation, a large army mobilized. From this point of view the connection that exists between those two countries when a danger of a Great Power interest becomed practical politics occured is evident. The Iran crisis was to be ended by Red Army withdraw from this country but for Turkey a new crisis was soon to emerged, regarding the Bosphorus and Dardanelles Straits regime.
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EMANUEL PLOPEANU
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