We Need To Look At the Comorbidities of Obesity during Childhood and Adolescence

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We Need To Look At the Comorbidities of Obesity during Childhood and Adolescence

Journal Title: Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research (BJSTR) - Year 2017, Vol 1, Issue 4

Abstract

Nowadays, almost 50% of boys and girls with ages between 5 and 9 years old are overweight or obese. And these children frequently have one or more comorbidities. Unfortunately, there is a wrong belief that the great problem of obese children is the risk of this child to be an obese adult. In fact, there are a lot of comorbidities that already appears during infancy and, if treated, probably will not progress to adulthood. We have been studying some of these comorbidities from the last 5 years. We studied dyslipidemia and insulin resistance and we found that 69.4% of the children had high cholesterol, 45.2% high LDL, 54.8% low HDL and 53.2% high triglycerides [1]. It is consensual that we have a vicious circle including obesity and insulin resistance [2] and we evaluated 383 children with ages between 7 and 18 years using fasting insulinemia and Homa as indicators of insulin resistance. The prevalence was very high, independently of the method: 33.1% using fasting insulin > 15 and 37.8% using HOMA> 3.5 [1]. We also looked at blood pressure and we showed high blood pressure values among obese children, when compared to eutrophic children. Regarding the heart, we investigated if obese children, with ages between 6 and 9 years, has detectable modifications of the heart anatomy, especially regarding to the left ventricle, and we found that, among 5 index evaluated, two of them (the LV mass and the LV3 index) showed differences, with greater thickness of the ventricle among obese children [4]. The intima-media complex of common carotid artery can be accessed using ultrasonography. This is a very safe and accurate method to evaluate the onset appearance of atherosclerosis. We evaluated 59 children of both genders, between 7 and 10 years old [5]. The average thickness of the intima-media complex in the group overweight / obese was 0.49mm; in the non-obese group, the measurement was 0.41mm. There was a significant difference between groups (p <0.01).And, also, we showed a correlation between the increase of the z-score of BMI and the increase of the intima-media complex [6]. The waist circumference is nowadays considered very important for children health [7]. We evaluated the abdominal adiposity distribution [8]. Results from 59 children of both genders, between 7 and 10 years old showed high correlation of fat deposits between each other and the two compartments of abdominal fat deposition increased together. And, even more important, both subcutaneous fat and visceral fat showed almost the same correlation with abdominal circumference.

Authors and Affiliations

Carlos Alberto Nogueira-de-Almeida

Keywords

Biomedical Research Biomedres Open access publishers Peer reviewed journals Special issues Biomedres – ebook publishers Biomedres – video publishers Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research International academic journals Open access medical and clinical research publication The Complex world of Bio-Medical Sciences Health Sciences and Bio informatics Physical Activity and Computational Biology Life Sciences in relation with Technical Advancement Special issue publishers Effective Publishers Trendy online Publishers Popular online Publishers Biomedical Research papers publishers Biomedical sciences and Technical papers repository Online Publishers

EP ID EP581457
DOI 10.26717/BJSTR.2017.01.000586
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