What about Pain in Disorders of Consciousness?
Journal Title: The AAPS Journal - Year 2012, Vol 14, Issue 3
Abstract
The management and treatment of acute pain is very difficult in non-communicative patients with disorders of consciousness (i.e., vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (VS/UWS) and minimally conscious state), creating an ethical dilemma for caregivers and an emotional burden among both relatives and caregivers. In this review, we summarize recent findings about the neural substrates of nociception and pain in VS/UWS patients as well as recent behavioral assessment methods of nociception specifically designed for patients in altered states of consciousness. We will finally discuss implications for pain treatment in these patients.
Authors and Affiliations
C. Schnakers, C. Chatelle, A. Demertzi, S. Majerus, S. Laureys
Similarities and Differences of International Guidelines for Bioequivalence: an Update of the Brazilian Requirements
Erratum to: Is Extrapolation of the Safety and Efficacy Data in One Indication to Another Appropriate for Biosimilars?
The online version of the original article can be found at doi:10.1208/s12248-013-9534-y.
Controlled release of dexamethasone from PLGA microspheres embedded within polyacid-containing PVA hydrogels
The development of zero-order release systems capable of delivering drug(s) over extended periods of time is deemed necessary for a variety of biomedical applications. We hereby describe a simple, yet versatile, delivery...
Partial derivative—Based sensitivity analysis of models describing target-mediated drug disposition
Sensitivity analysis is commonly used to characterize the effects of parameter perturbations on model output. One use for the approach is the optimization of an experimental design enabling estimation of model parameters...
Nonclinical Dose Formulation: Out of Specification Investigations
Nonclinical safety studies are required to follow applicable Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) regulations. Nonclinical dose formulations are required to be analyzed to confirm the analyte concentration, homogeneity, and st...