Zinc Biofortification: Strategy to Conquer Zinc Malnutrition through Zinc Solubilizing PGPR’s
Journal Title: Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research (BJSTR) - Year 2017, Vol 1, Issue 1
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is a required micronutrient for all living form including plant, humans and microorganisms. Human and other living organisms require Zinc throughout life in little quantities to orchestrate a complete array of physiological functions [1]. Zinc is also important micronutrient for plant which plays numerous functions in life cycle of plants. The aim of biofortification is to produce plants that have an augmented content of bioavailable nutrients in their edible parts [2]. Cereals and other staple plant serve as the main food for a large proportion of the world population but have the shortage in term of micronutrient, from a nutrition perspective, of being low in zinc and other essential nutrients. In the process of Biofortification the major drawback is the root or shoot barriers and the process of grain filling. Research has shown there are possible ways to combats the situation and distribution of zinc can be controlled mainly by heavy metal transporting P -ATPase and the metal tolerance protein (MTP) family. A greater understanding of zinc transport mechanism is needed to improve grain quality and to help alleviate accumulation of any hazardous metals [3]. Majority of the soil are either Zinc deficient or contain Zinc in fixed form which is unavailable to plant, thus them appears a Zinc deficiency. According to FAO reports, 50% of the soils are deficient in Zinc [4]. Deficiency of Zinc is frequently in calcareous and neutral soils, paddy soils, soils with elevated level of phosphorous and silicon, sandy soils, extremely weathered acid and coarse textured soils [5]. Zinc deficiency may also be related with the nature of soil such as in calcareous soils. Zn may exist as low as 10-11 to 10-9 M and can reduce crop growth [6]. Approximately in India zinc deficient soils has engaged almost 50% of the agricultural part and the same is the situation in Turkey. In Pakistan, 70% of agricultural land has been reported as Zinc deficient [7] and half of the agricultural soil in China has been affected by zinc deficiency. while Occurrence of Zinc in soil is found as ZnS (sphalerite), Further less frequent Zinc containing mineral ores include: smithsonite (ZnCO3), zincite (ZnO), zinkosite (ZnSO4), franklinite (ZnFe2O4) and Hopeite [Zn3(PO4)2.4H2O]. However, availability of Zn from these sources depends on various factors [8].
Authors and Affiliations
Shabnam Shaikh, Meenu Saraf
Keywords
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- EP ID EP567600
- DOI 10.26717/BJSTR.2017.01.000158
- Views 162
- Downloads 0
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