70 Year Old Male Patient with History of Intermittent Hematuria of 5 Month Duration
Journal Title: Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research (BJSTR) - Year 2017, Vol 1, Issue 3
Abstract
Papillary carcinoma (PC) is the second most common type of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). PC has specific imaging and clinical features that may help in differentiation from clear cell RCC. At contrast material–enhanced CT and MRI, PC enhances less than other RCC in all phases of contrast-enhanced imaging.The classification of renal cell carcinoma into subtypes is important as it has association with outcome of disease. Results have shown that renal cell carcinoma is not a single disease but, rather, a group of several disease entities [1]. According to the First International Workshop on Renal Cell Carcinoma held by the World Health Organization, renal cell carcinoma can be classified into conventional (i.e., clear cell) renal carcinoma, papillary renal carcinoma, chromophobe renal carcinoma, collecting duct renal carcinoma, and unclassified renal carcinoma [1]. Current findings reported in the literature suggest that the tumor is often hypo vascular on computed tomography (CT) and MRI [1,2], and is hypo intense on T2 weighted imaging [2]. Papillary renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the second most common form of RCC, after clear cell RCC, accounting for 10-15% of cases [3]. In comparison with clear cell RCCs, papillary RCCs in general have less aggressive features, including being both smaller in size and lower in stage at presentation [3]. Morphology: The T2 weighted tumor signal was homogeneous in 57% of cases, slightly heterogeneous in 9% and heterogeneous in 34%. Eighty-nine percent of tumors were hypo intense compared to the normal renal parenchyma on T2 weighted images, 9% were hyper intense and 2% were intense. For masses imaged with MRI, the presence or absence of hemosider in was determined, defined as the subjective identification of loss of signal intensity on longer-TE in-phase images relative to opposed-phase T1-weighted dual-echo gradient-recalled echo images. Relative signal intensity in comparison with the normal renal parenchyma (i.e., hypo intense, is intense, hyper intense) was also recorded on unenhanced T1- weighted, unenhanced T2-weighted, and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images. In addition, the presence or absence of enhancement was determined subjectively on subtraction images [3].
Authors and Affiliations
Sushila B Ladumor
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP570654
- DOI 10.26717/BJSTR.2017.01.000281
- Views 200
- Downloads 0
Populations of Wild and Semi-Cultivated Tomatoes in Aguascalientes, Mexico
During 2015 and 2016 in the CA of UAA, 5 semi-cultivated lines and 2 wild S. Lycopersicum were agronomically characterized. In the market were acquired the semicultivated and the wild were collected in San Tadeo Calvillo...
The Friction on Cartilage Surfaces under Variable Wettability
The wettability of the articular surface of cartilage depends on the condition of its surface-active phospholipid overlay, which is structured as a multi-bilayer. We examined the characteristics of this membrane surface...
A Pedagogical Description of Channel Interference in Multiphoton Absorption Processes
In this mini-review, the author discusses a different view of two-photon absorption and in general any multi-photon absorption process in a molecular system in a very didactic way. This novel point of view is termed as "...
Laparoscopic Removal of Intra Abdominal MigratedIntrauterine Device Involved in the Omentum
Background: The presence of an intrauterine device migrated into the abdominal cavity can be detected incidentally or due to complications (the most frequent abdominal pain, obstructive 8complications or cause of acute a...
Process Validation of Pharmaceutical Dosages Form: A Review
Quality is always an imperative prerequisite when consider any product. Therefore, drugs must be manufactured to the highest quality levels. Validation is a part of the quality assurance program and is fundamental to an...