A cross-sectional study on the association of feeding patterns and nutritional status among children aged up to two years
Journal Title: MedPulse -International Medical Journal - Year 2018, Vol 5, Issue 4
Abstract
Aims: To study on the association of feeding patterns and nutritional status among children aged up to 2 years. Objectives: To study the feeding pattern among children, to study the nutritional status among children, to study the association of feeding patterns and nutritional status among children aged up to 2 years. Setting and Design: The cross-sectional study was conducted at Department of pediatrics, Bhaskar medical college and general hospital. Children up to three years age attending the out-patient department and vaccination clinic were taken into the study. Of the 160 children screened, 100 healthy children were included in the study and the rest was excluded based on exclusion criteria. The cross sectional study was conducted for a period of 2 months. Materials and Methods: Feeding pattern: Data was collected by the investigator by administering pre-validated structured questionnaire to the mother/care taker. Nutritional status: Data was obtained by doing Anthropometric measurements of all the children attending the paediatric outpatient department. Anthropometric measurements done included Length in meters, weight in kilograms, BMI for age and mid arm circumference in centimeters. Nutritional status was determined based on calculating the BMI, Height for age, Weight for age, Height for weight and mid-arm circumference and was classified as Over-weight, Normal, underweight, stunting and wasting based on Reference values taken from the standard values given by the Indian Academy of Pediatrics for Indian children. Results: Of the 100 children included in the study, the male is to female ratio was 53:47 with a mean age of 13.88 months. From the anthropometric measurements and from the mothers responses to the questionnaire, the results shows that 38% were exclusively breast fed upto 6 months, 58% were given colostrum at birth, 43% were given pre lacteal feed at birth, weaning started at 4 months for 32%, 6 months for 62% and in 6% children weaning was delayed from 7 months to 12 months. In this study, 30% mothers initiated breast feeding within half an hour of delivery. The study has shown that the 31% of the children who were underweight and 6% of the children who showed wasting were found to be bottle fed or delayed weaning. They also were not given colostrums and exclusively breast feeding upto 6 months. These children shows higher incidence of diarrheal episodes compared to the exclusive breast fed children. The results from this study show that 20% children were found to have stunting. Stunting was seen in children where weaning was delayed and were bottle fed. Conclusion: Appropriate feeding is important in improving nutrition and child survival. Under-nutrition and associated repeated infections are major etiological factors responsible for one third of mortality. These are the modifiable risk factors and can be prevented by training of mother and care takers and other public health measures.
Authors and Affiliations
Ananth T, K Rama Santharam, Imran MR, Rashmita Mallam
Keywords
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