A national survey of U.S. pharmacists in 2000: Assessing nonresponse bias of a survey methodology
Journal Title: The AAPS Journal - Year 2001, Vol 3, Issue 4
Abstract
The first objective of this study was to assess the existence of nonresponse bias to a national survey of licensed pharmacists conducted in 2000. Three methods were used to assess nonresponse bias. The second objective of the study was to examine reasons why sampled licensed pharmacists did not respond to the national survey of licensed pharmacists. We used data from 2204 respondents to a national survey of pharmacists and from 521 respondents to a survey of nonrespondents to the national survey. We made comparisons between respondents for 5 variables: employment status, gender, age, highest academic degree, and year of initial licensure. Chi-square tests were used to examine differences in the 5 variables between respondents to the first mailing and second mailing of the survey, early and late respondents to the survey, and respondents to the survey and respondents to the nonrespondent survey. There were no significant differences between first mailing and second mailing respondents, but there were differences in each variable except year of licensure between early and late respondents. These differences likely were due to regional bias possibly related to differences in mailing times. There were differences between respondents and nonrespondents in terms of employment status and year of licensure. The main reasons for not responding to the survey were that it was too long or that it was too intrusive. Overall, the survey methodology resulted in a valid sample of licensed pharmacists. Nonresponse bias should be assessed by surveying nonrespondents. Future surveys of pharmacists should consider the length of the survey and the address where it is sent.
Authors and Affiliations
David A. Mott, Craig A. Pederson, William R. Doucette, Caroline A. Gaither, Jon C. Schommer
The Population Pharmacokinetics of d -β-hydroxybutyrate Following Administration of (R)-3-Hydroxybutyl (R)-3-Hydroxybutyrate
The online version of this article (doi:10.1208/s12248-016-9879-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Mechanisms of drug-induced liver injury
The idiosyncratic nature and poor prognosis of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) make this type of reaction a major safety issue during drug development, as well as the most common cause for the withdrawal of drugs from t...
Challenges with the development and approval of pharmaceuticals for fish
With an increase in consumer recognition of the health benefits associated with seafood consumption, the volume of fisheries and aquaculture products consumed by the average American is expected to rise. With a concomita...
Which concentration of the inhibitor should be used to predict in vivo drug interactions from in vitro data?
Drug discovery from natural sources
Organic compounds from terrestrial and marine organisms have extensive past and present use in the treatment of many diseases and serve as compounds of interest both in their natural form and as templates for synthetic m...