A Retrospective Study of Clinical Profile of Acute Poisoning in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Kerala, India, during 2014–2016
Journal Title: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 7
Abstract
Introduction: Most cases of poisonings reported in India were insecticides because in agricultural society they are the readily available source. Whether urbanization, literacy, and access to health care in Kerala have brought about any change in the pattern of poisoning such as mode of poisoning and type of poisoning, clinical profile of patients and outcome of treatment need to be analyzed. Purpose: Cases admitted with poisoning pose an immense diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to treating physicians. An insight into the epidemiology of poisoning and detection of the current trends will not only help in preparedness in handling such cases but also for planning to deal with the changing trends and preventive strategies. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study. Case records of all cases of poisoning from 2014 to 2016 were procured from the medical records section after obtaining clearance from Institutional Review Board and Ethics Committee. The data were entered into Microsoft Excel and analyzed. Results: Pesticides continue to be the most common agent (52%), and cause of mortality in poisoning closely followed by drugs and other chemical agents (41.4%), and unknown substances (6.5%) drugs alone showed an increasing percentage of abusers, 28.5% for the year 2016. Males were more than females attempting deliberate self-harm. Alcohol consumption was reported in 61% of male cases. Most common age group was between 20 and 30 years. Psychiatric evaluation of survivors showed a large number of cases having psychiatric disorders such as affective disorders, personality disorders, and neurotic syndromes. Marital and social issues and financial problems were the stressors identified. Conclusion: Although pesticide was the most common agent used, there is an increase in the number of cases abusing drugs and other chemicals. Most commonly used drugs such as paracetamol and other analgesics available over the counter were the drugs being commonly misused. Alcoholism and psychiatric illnesses, present in a large number of survivors needs to be identified early and treated for decreasing the attempts at deliberate self-harm by poisoning.
Authors and Affiliations
Vibha C Santosh, Omana Menon
Keywords
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