A retrospective study of Swine Influenza outbreak (2015) – Experience in a teaching institution.
Journal Title: International Journal of Medical Science and Innovative Research (IJMSIR) - Year 2018, Vol 3, Issue 9
Abstract
Introduction: Since the swine influenza, the H1N1 virus outbreak in India during the 2009, every year, there was a rise in number of cases and deaths during winter as temperature affects virus. In 2015, the outbreak became widespread through India. Planning for the unforeseen influenza outbreaks or epidemics involves time and resources investments. Data analysis from such past events can provide useful information for current and future planning. Patients admitted to influenza wards who tested positive by RT-PCR are included in the study. Throat swab specimens were collected from the suspected patients within the first 3-4 days of illness. The samples were handled at 4-8 degree Celsius and processed for RNA extraction and RT-PCR was performed as per the manufacturer’s instructions [fast - track Diagnostics (FTD)]. Amplification Protocol for CDC H1N1 Primer/Probe set was followed. Of total of 112 Influenza A (H1N1) positive cases, maximum numbers of cases i.e. 46/112 (41%) were in the age group of 41-65 years with the mean age as 42 years. Majority of subjects had Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of >12 i.e. 96 (86%) subjects and less than 4% subjects had GCS of 8 or less. A total 46/112 (41.07%) deaths occurred, and 13/46 (28.26%) patients had associated comorbidities. The most common comorbidity was acute renal failure viz. 8/46 i.e. 17.39%. The most common symptom of clinical presentation was fever 112/112 (100%) followed by shortness of breath in 80.35%, & cough in 75.89%. Retrospective analyses and meticulous documentation of the status of H1N1 cases with and without the associated risk factors viz. the comorbidities would help in effective planning and management of in India’s regional settings as also routine influenza vaccination programme do not exist.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Balvinder Singh Arora
Keywords
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