A Short Review on Water Quality and Its Treatment
Journal Title: International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (IJRASET) - Year 2015, Vol 3, Issue 4
Abstract
Recent research reports have underlined reverse osmosis (RO) as the most optimized technology for water desalination related applications. However, implementing this technology to seawater desalination and other water samples such as mine water, water containing heavy metals etc. are facing challenges of membrane fouling. This includes membrane biofouling, organic and inorganic fouling which adversely affect the process performance and overall treatment cost. To overcome these issues, pretreatment units ahead of the RO system are necessary to reduce RO membrane fouling and enhance its operational efficiency. This article aimed at reviewing the literature and summarizing relevant methods, mechanisms and novel developments which improve the performance of the RO systems when coupled with either conventional or nonconventional pretreatment units. Several studies suggested that the non-conventional pretreatment units were more efficient than the conventional systems for producing better water quality and minimizing the overall treatment cost. Ultrafiltration appeared to be a cost effective and efficient method of removing suspended solids (SS) and bacteria. The advent of nano structured membranes nano filtration has the potential of becoming preferred non-conventional desalination pretreatment over a wide range of salinity, total dissolved solids (TDS), inorganics, viruses, etc. [8] A water filter removes impurities from water by means of a fine physical barrier, a chemical process or a biological process. Filters cleanse water to different extents for purposes like irrigation, drinking water, aquariums, ponds and swimming pools. Filters use sieving, adsorption, ion exchanges, biological metabolite transfer and other processes. Unlike a sieve or screen, a filter can remove particles much smaller than the holes through which the water passes. Our water purification system works with the concept of Reverse Osmosis. Reverse Osmosis (RO) technology is used by many industries, including pharmaceutical and semiconductor. RO is used to purify drinking water in homes, desalinate seawater, and to remove impurities from process water.
Authors and Affiliations
Prajakta Jayant Talekar, Dr P. G Jadhav
Keywords
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