A SIMPLE LABORATORY MODEL FOR INDUCING AND MEASURING PAIN IN SMALL EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS
Journal Title: International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences - Year 2016, Vol 8, Issue 7
Abstract
Objective: Pain, an unpleasant sensation that we all experience in daily life, is an alert mechanism to prevent impending tissue injury. The animal models employed for screening of analgesic agents include pain-state models based on the use of thermal, mechanical electrical and chemical stimuli. This study was undertaken with an objective to design, develop and fabricate a new animal model for screening analgesics.Methods: In the present study, a humble attempt is made to develop a new animal model for screening analgesics overcoming the limitations of earlier models. The utility of the newly developed laboratory model (M-model) of pain was compared with already established models.Results: A simple laboratory model for screening of analgesics was developed in the present study. In this study, endurance time was defined as the time for which, the animals were able to endure the cold surface of ice-floor. The animals assumed a flinching posture and fled to M-Zone when they were unable to withstand the cold surface. Endurance time was significantly and consistently enhanced by different classes of analgesic agents such as pentazocine, butorphanol, tramadol, diclofenac, ketoprofen and meloxicam. The findings obtained using M-model was in line with those obtained using already established models.Conclusion: An effective animal model for screening analgesics overcoming the limitations of earlier models was developed in this study. This model showed excellent face and predictive validity.Keywords: Pain, Analgesics, Cold stimuli, M-model, Flinching posture, Endurance time
Authors and Affiliations
Monu Yadav, Milind Parle
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP576229
- DOI -
- Views 64
- Downloads 0
DIFFERENTIAL PULSE POLAROGRAPHIC BEHAVIOR AND DETERMINATION OF ROSUVASTATIN IN PURE FORM AND IN PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS USING A STATIC MERCURY DROP ELECTRODE
Objective: Objective of study was to develop a simple, precise and accurate differential pulse polarographic analysis (DPPA) of rosuvastatin (RSV) in pure form and in pharmaceutical preparations.Methods: The DPPA was app...
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF SPECTROSCOPIC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF SALBUTAMOL SULPHATE, AMBROXOL HYDROCHLORIDE AND CETIRIZINE HYDROCHLORIDE IN COMBINED PHARMACEUTICAL TABLET FORMULATION: A NOVEL TECHNIQUE FOR IN-VITRO DISSOLUTION STUDIES
Objective: To develop a simple, rapid, accurate, precise and economical spectroscopic method for the simultaneous determination of Salbutamol Sulphate, Ambroxol Hydrochloride and Cetirizine Hydrochloride in combined phar...
A NOVEL APPROACH TO INCREASE THE BIOAVAILABILITY OF CANDESARTAN CILEXETIL BY PRONIOSOMAL GEL FORMULATION: IN-VITRO AND IN-VIVO EVALUATION
Objective: The oral bioavailability of Candesartan cilexetil is less (<15%), so in this study an approach has been made to increase its bioavailability by proniosomal gel formulation.Methods: The proniosomal formulati...
DENSITOMETRIC VALIDATION OF LAPACHOL IN TECOMELLA UNDULATA SEEM BARK BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY
Objective: To develop a validated high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method for the quantitative estimation of Lapachol in a Soxhlet extracted bark of Tecomella undulata seem (T. undulata). Methods: The b...
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTI INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF NOVEL QUINOXALINE DERIVED CHALCONES
Objective: Quinoxaline derivatives were reported with wide range of biological activities. Hence it was planned to synthesize and screen for their anti inflammatory (in vivo) activity.Methods: Orthophenylene diamine was...