A study of profile of snake bite patients and outcome at tertiary health care centre
Journal Title: Medpulse International Journal of Medicine - Year 2017, Vol 3, Issue 3
Abstract
Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), an estimated 5 million snakebite cases and about 100,000 deaths due to snakebite occur every year. The incidence is particularly high in rural areas of Africa, Asia, Oceania, and Latin America where venomous snakes are abundant and human activities, mainly agriculture, hunting, animal husbandry, and fishing, increase the risks of man/snake encounters. Aims and objectives: To Study the profile of Snake bite patients attending the tertiary care centre and its outcome. Materials and Method: In the present record based descriptive observational study all the cases of snake bite admitted in the institute during the January 2016 to December 2016 were enrolled. A total of 253 cases of snake bite were admitted in medicine wards during the study period. A detailed information regarding demographic and epidemiological parameters such as age, sex, residence, site of bite and place of bite, type of snake if identified, etc., was recorded. Clinical signs and symptoms were also recorded. Subsequent information regarding the outcome of the patient was also obtained from the case paper of the patient. Results: Majority of the patients (29.25%) were in the age group of 21-30years of age, followed by 31-40 years (21.34%) and 41-50 years (16.60%). Majority of the patients were male (64.03%). Majority of the patients (90.12%) with snake bite were from rural area. Giddiness was reported in 1.98% patients whereas drowsiness and unconsciousness was observed in 1.58% and 0.78% patients respectively. Majority of the cases of snake bite were observed during the monsoon season (63.24%) followed by winter season (21.34%) and summer (15.42%). The most common timing of snake bite was night time (36.36%). 75.49% bites were by non poisonous snakes whereas 18.18% bites were by vasculotoxic and 6.32% were by neurotoxic snakes. The case fatality rate of neurotoxic snake bite was 12.50% whereas that of vasculotoxic snake bite was 2.17%. Conclusion: Majority of the cases of snake bite were observed during the monsoon season and at night time. 75.49% bites were by non poisonous snakes whereas 18.18% bites were by vasculotoxic and 6.32% were by neurotoxic snakes. Giddiness, drowsiness, Ptosis, Altered sensorium and unconsciousness were the common presenting symptoms observed in poisonous bites. The case fatality rate of neurotoxic snake bite was 12.50% whereas that of vasculotoxic snake bite was 2.17%.
Authors and Affiliations
Nitesh Suraj Chhajed, Vinod Ramchandra Baviskar
Keywords
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