A Study of Proportion, Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in Cases of Placenta Previa
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) - Year 2018, Vol 17, Issue 8
Abstract
Introduction: Worldwide, placenta previa has been seen to complicate 0.3% - 0.8% of all pregnancies.(1,2) Risk factors for placenta previa include previous uterine scar, smoking, age of women over 35 years, grand multiparity, recurrent abortions, low socio-economic status, and taking infertility treatment.(3) With the increasing rate of Caesarean sections, the incidence of placenta previa is also increasing. Transvaginal Sonography is a safe and most accurate method in the diagnosis of placenta previa. Materials and methods: The present study is a prospective study and the study group consists of 106 cases of placenta previa, during the study period from Nov 2014 – April 2016 in Goa Medical College and Hospital, Bambolim Goa. Results: In the present study, total number of cases of placenta previa were 106, giving proportion of 1.37 (n=7717). In the present study maximum number of cases of placenta previa were in the age group between 20- 29 years that is 52 cases (16+36) (49.05% ). The maximum number of cases of placenta previa were found in multigravida that is 84 cases (79.26%). 22(20.75%) cases of patients with placenta previa were primigravida. 22 cases (20.75%) had prior cesarean section, 15 cases (14.15%) had abortions and all these factors acted as important risk factors for the occurrence of placenta previa. Antepartum bleeding was found in 34 cases (32.07%), anemia was found in 32 cases (30.19%). Malpresentation was found in 20 cases (18.87%). Minor degree placenta previa was found in 43 cases (40.57 %) and major degree placenta previa in 63 cases (59.43 %). Among the patients who received blood transfusion, 32 cases (49.20%) had major degree placenta previa, while among patients with minor degree placenta previa only 7 cases (16.28%) required blood transfusion. Caesarean section rate in the present study was 81.13% and vaginal delivery rate was 18.87%. 7 cases (6.60%) had febrile morbidity, 6 cases (5.66%) had UTI. Post partum hemorrhage was seen in 19 cases (17.92%). 6 patients(5.66%) had morbidly adherant placenta. 7 patients (6.60%) underwent hysterectomy out of which 6 were done for morbidly adherent placenta and one was done for post partum hemorrhage. In the present study there was one maternal death (0.94%). 11 cases (57.89%) of post partum hemorrhage were managed conservatively, in 5 cases (26.32%) uterine artery ligation was done, in 2 cases (10.53%) B-Lynch sutures were taken and in one case (5.26%) hysterectomy was done. Conclusion: The awareness of this obstetric complication can help with earlier diagnosis timely referral and to higher centres, blood availability, NICU care availability to prevent the complications and mortality.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Viraj R. Naik, Dr. Pia Muriel Cardoso
Keywords
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- EP ID EP381261
- DOI 10.9790/0853-1708090105.
- Views 82
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