A study of risk factors of age related macular degeneration in elderly patients attending OPD of ophthalmology in tertiary care hospital
Journal Title: Medpulse International Journal of Ophthalmology - Year 2017, Vol 2, Issue 2
Abstract
Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is an important cause of visual impairment and blindness worldwide. The number of people affected by the disease is expected to rise due to increasing longevity. Development of adequate eye care for these patients should be based on knowledge about the prevalence of AMD. Further, preventive measures are the best strategy for any disease. Amis and Objective: To study the various risk factors associated with the age related age related macular degeneration (AMD). Materials and Method: In the presents study screening of patients was done to diagnose age related macular degeneration (AMD) in the ophthalmology outpatients department of Dr Ulhas Patil Medical College and Hospital, Jalgaon. For the purpose of study Patients age 60 years and above attending Ophthalmic OPD and willing to participate in the study were selected. Thus total 1541 patients were screened in the ophthalmology outpatient department. Out of them 34 patients were diagnosed to be suffering from age related macular degeneration (AMD). The study was conducted after obtaining clearance from the ethical committee of the institute. The data collection was done by using predesigned pretested questionnaire. A detailed history of selected subjects was recorded in relation to demographic information, family history, dietary habits, details of smoking and systemic problems, focused mainly on DM, hypertension and cardiac problems. All the patients selected for the study according to criteria for AMD subjected to detailed ocular examination with visual acuity; IOP measurement, slit Lamp biomicroscopy, direct and indirect ophthalmoscopic examination, Amsler grid test and fundus photography as needed. Results: The prevalence of age related macular degeneration (AMD) was increasing as the age of patients was increasing with statistically significant association. The prevalence was more in female (55.88%) as compared to male (44.12%) but the association was not statistically significant.. Family history of AMD also had statistically significant association with AMD. It was observed that patients with cardiovascular disease had statistically significant association with AMD. Conclusion: Thus we conclude that that age, smoking and co-morbidity with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, family history of AMD and cardiovascular disease showed statistically association with AMD. Whereas sex, place of living, education, socioeconomic status, BMI, cataract surgery, lens opacity, iris colour and refractive error showed no statistically association with AMD.
Authors and Affiliations
Anup Suresh Yewale, Kiran Martand Bhirud
Keywords
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