A Survey of the Doctrine of Protection Responsibility in the Islamic Legal System with Emphasis on the National Security
Journal Title: The Journal of Human Rights - Year 2015, Vol 10, Issue 1
Abstract
In spite of that international community have seen very huge progress in different aspects of international law , especially in humanitarian law , but unfortunately it is in front of a lot of big crisis yet ; these crisis had attacked the body, wealth and security of many humans and also had attacked the authority and national security of many countries. Insufficiency of humanitarian introversion and its contrary with international regulations and also insufficiency of international security had forced international jurists to open new notions as the responsibility to protect in international area. according to this theory that criticized in the articles of 138 and 139 of the 2005 world summit outcome , each country has the responsibility to protect of it nationals against Genocide , war crimes , race cleansing and crimes against humanity an in the case of failure of responsible country , international community through united nation organization has responsibility to protect of humanity by restore to peaceful diplomatic and humanitarian instruments including other peaceful instruments mentioned in the sixth and seventh chapter of the charter of the united nations against Genocide , war crimes , race cleansing and crimes against humanity . The Security Council and some countries based their actions of intervention on the responsibility to protect in the crisis such as Sudan, Iraq, former Yugoslavia and Georgia. This theory that commenced during 90th decade recognized by the 2005 and 2009 world summit outcome and also welcomed by the international community has very strong bases in Islamic rules and we can find some roots for it in holy Qur'an and holy prophets jurisprudence. it is obvious that the acceptance and applying with the responsibility to protect or non observance to it ,will influence the national and international security. چکیده جامعه بین‌المللی به‌رغم پیشرفت‌های شگرفی که در عرصه‌های مختلف حقوق بین‌الملل و به ویژه در زمینة حقوق بشر داشته است، متاسفانه هنوز شاهد وقایع و بحران‌های دهشتناکی می‌باشد؛ این بحران‌ها علاوه بر نابودی جان و مال و امنیت بسیاری از انسان‌ها، حاکمیت و امنیت ملی برخی از کشورها را نیز در معرض تهدید و آسیب قرار داده است. ناکارآمدی روند مداخله بشر دوستانه و عدم انطباق آن با مقررات حقوق بین‌الملل و همچنین ناکارآمدی نظام امنیت بین‌المللی موجود، اندیشمندان حقوق بین‌الملل را بر آن داشت تا با ارائه نظریة مسئولیت حمایت، باب مفاهیم جدیدی را در عرصة حقوق بین‌الملل، بگشایند. مسئولیت حمایت مبنای اقدام شورای امنیت و برخی کشورها در بحران‌هایی همچون دارفور سودان، عراق، یوگسلاوی سابق و گرجستان و غیره بوده است. این نظریه که از اواخر دهة نود قرن گذشته مطرح و در سال 2005 مورد تصویب سران جهان قرار گرفته و پس از آن در سال‌های 2009 و 2011 مورد استقبال و حمایت جامعه بین‌الملل قرار گرفته است، در احکام و مقررات نظام حقوقی اسلام نیز محمل‌های قوی داشته و به نحو قاطع و ملموسی در قرآن و سنت به منصه ظهور رسیده است. بدیهی است توجه و پذیرش این نظریه و یا عدم اعتناء به آن بر نظام امنیت جهانی و نیز امنیت ملی دولت ها تأثیرگذار بوده و هست.
Authors and Affiliations
Hossein Sartipi, Yousef Farzaneh
Keywords
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