Abstract

Objective: To determine the microstructures and mineral profiles of ileum villi in rats treated acutely with caprine αS2-casein (CSN1S2) protein isolated from Etawah goat milk. Methods: Fifty (male and female) rats were divided into 5 groups, including a group of ratsuntreated as a control (untreated) and rats-treated with caprine CSN1S2 protein at doses of 500, 1 000, 2 000, and 4 000 mg/kg body weight by oral single dosage. The microstructures were analyzed by scanning electron microscope. The mineral profiles of ileum were measured by scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray software version 1.7. The degree of ileum perforation was calculated by BoneJ software. Results: The ileum microstructure of the control group showed a smooth and compact surface, while the treating groups showed less compact surface and minimal perforation. The levels of sodium, sulphur and phosphorus were statistically significant higher in treating females at all doses compared to the control (P < 0.05). In contrast, the selenium levels were significantly lower in treating females at all doses than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: This research concludes that the caprine CSN1S2 protein is able to stimulate the ileum toxicity up to 2 000 mg/kg body weight dosage and change sodium, phosphorus, sulphur and selenium homeostasis of ileum in female rats.

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