Age-related changes of skeletal muscles: physiology, pathology and regeneration
Journal Title: Advances in Hygiene and Experimental Medicine - Year 2012, Vol 66, Issue 0
Abstract
This review provides a short presentation of the aging-related changes of human skeletal muscles. The aging process is associated with the loss of skeletal muscle mass (sarcopenia) and strength. This results from fibre atrophy and apoptosis, decreased regeneration capacity, mitochondrial dysfunction, gradual reduction of the number of spinal cord motor neurons, and local and systemic metabolic and hormonal alterations. The latter involve age-related decrease of the expression and activity of some mitochondrial and cytoplasmic enzymes, triacylglycerols and lipofuscin accumulation inside muscle fibres, increased proteolytic activity, insulin resistance and decreased serum growth hormone and IGF-1 concentrations. Aging of the skeletal muscles is also associated with a decreased number of satellite cells and their proliferative activity. The age-related reduction of skeletal muscle mass and function may be partially prevented by dietary restriction and systematic physical exercises.
Authors and Affiliations
Aleksandra Ławniczak, Zbigniew Kmieć
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP66713
- DOI -
- Views 152
- Downloads 0
Role of Th17 lymphocytes in pathogenesis of colorectal cancer
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is estimated to be the first leading cause of death from cancer among men and women in the EU. Every year in Poland, 15,254 cases of CRC are diagnosed, and 10,501 patients die of the disease, maki...
Engineered spider silk: the intelligent biomaterial of the future. Part II
The development and progress in engineered spider silk manufacturing has enabled its practical application. Recombinant spider silk can assemble in several morphological forms such as films, hydrogels, fibers, scaffold...
Terapia fotodynamiczna w nowotworach głowy i szyi
Staphylococcus aureus biofilm and the role of bacteriophages in its eradication
The ability to form biofilm is an important virulence factor of many microorganisms. Infections involving biofilms account for approx. 65% of all human infections. Biofilms may develop on intravascular catheters or impla...
Perspectives on the pharmacotherapy of diseases extending with advanced oxidation protein products participation
In the view of constantly increasing number of reports about participation of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) in pathogenesis of many diseases as well as in the pathomechanism of their biochemical disturbance...