AN EVALUATION OF DYNAMIC PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTS IN SICKLE CELL ANAEMIA IN RAIPUR DISTRICT, CHHATTISGARH
Journal Title: International Journal of Basic and Applied Physiology - Year 2015, Vol 4, Issue 1
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Sickle cell anaemia is a life-long haematological disorder characterized by red blood cells that assume an abnormal, rigid, sickle shape. It is the most widespread and numerically the most important haemoglobinopathy in the world today. The sickle cell disease (SCD) is commonest monogenic disorder in India, affects all the major organs of the body.Impairment of pulmonary function is a common complication of SCD. Hypoxaemia is the hallmark of pulmonary abnormality in SCD patients of all age groups and is said to result from the combined effects of perfusion and diffusion defect. Hence present study was carried out to determine the difference in lung volumes between male and female sickle cell disease patients ( HbSS ),sickle cell trait patients(Hb AS) and compare with normal controls ( HbAA)non sicklers. Method: A cross sectional study was done in 50 cases of SCD (22HbSS& 28HbAS) and age and sex matched normal 50 HbAA controls. From the various measured pulmonary function test( PFT )parameters Forced Vital Capacity(FVC),Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 sec(FEV1), Peak Expiratory Flow Rate(PEFR),Forced Expiratory Flow during 25%-75% of Expiration(FEF25%-75%),Forced Expiratory Volume Ratio(FEV1/FVC) were selected for the study. The data collected was subjected to statistical analysis involving computation of Mean, Standard deviation, Independent T test. Result: The results revealed that subjects with SCD had significantly lower mean FVC, FEV1, PEFR, FEF25-75% and FEV1/FVC compared to the controls. The lung function indices were lower in females than males of the sickle cell patients. This work also showed that the difference in FEV1, PEFR , FEF25%-75%,FEV1/FVC between HbAS and HbSS was statistically significant but the difference in FVC between HbAS and HbSS turned out to be statistically non-significant. Conclusion: The result of this work suggested that Pulmonary function test differs significantly in subjects with SCD compared with matched controls of a similar age and gender. It is indicative of mixed pattern (both restrictive and obstructive) lung impairment in sickle cell anaemia.
Authors and Affiliations
Karishma Singh, D. Sarkar
Keywords
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