AN OVERVIEW OF EMERGING PHARMACOLOGICAL TARGETS IN TREATMENT OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Journal Title: Journal of Drug Discovery and Therapeutics - Year 2013, Vol 1, Issue 7
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic disorder which has serious complications if not treated appropriately. A number of therapeutic agents exist for the treatment of type 2 diabetes including metformin, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, α-glucosidase inhibitors, insulin, GLP-1 analogs and DPP-4 inhibitors. Despite a laborious list, they still suffer from few of the adverse effects like hypoglycemia, weight gain, edema, fractures, lactic acidosis etc. The objective of this article is to review the important drug classes currently in the development for the treatment of diabetes. Many new classes of drugs are in different stages of development which have novel mechanism of action and have shown promising results. These drugs mainly target the kidney, liver and pancreas as their prime target in bringing about glucose control. These new classes of drugs include Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 inhibitors, Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-α agonists,Fructose-1,6-bibhosphatase Glycogen phosphorylase inhibitors, Glucokinase activators, G-Protein coupled receptor 119 agonists, Glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitors, Protein tyrosine phosphatase-1b inhibitors, AMP activated protein kinase activators, Liver selective glucocorticoid receptor antagonist (LSGRA), 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase Type-1inhibitors, JNK activators,Free fatty acid receptor-1 (FFAR-1) agonists. Further exploration of these new targets for glycemic control will hopefully lead to development of safe and efficacious drugs that will become the mainstay of next generation therapeutics for diabetes and will reduce the clinical and cost burden of this disease.
Authors and Affiliations
Rajkumar J*| Department of Pharmacology, Pt. B. D. Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India, Kaushal J| Department of Pharmacology, Pt. B. D. Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India, Gupta MC| Department of Pharmacology, Pt. B. D. Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India, Verma S| Department of Pharmacology, Pt. B. D. Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP1430
- DOI -
- Views 467
- Downloads 31
Prevalence of anemia among children age 10 to 15 years in urban, Chidambaram
In India, 74% of children and over 50% of adolescent girls and women of reproductive age are anemic.
Effect of 50% ethanolic extract of roots of Cissampelos pareira on some bio-chemical parameters to investigate the hepato-protective study in animal model (Rats)
In phytotherapeutic approach, the emphasis is on the development of a new drug whose extraction and fractionation have emanated on the basis of therapeutic activity. Cissampelos pareira Linn. (C. microcarpa, De Candolle)...
HOLISTIC SUPPLEMENT OMEGA FATTY ACIDS: A CHALLENGE FOR SMART HEART BY SAYING NO TO ATHEROSCELEROSIS AND YES TO HOMEOSTASIS
Omega-3/5/6/7/9 fatty acids are considered as essential fatty acids. They are necessary for human health but the body can’t make them -- you have to get them through food. Omega fatty acids can be found in fish, such as...
FORMULATION, OPTIMIZATION AND EVALUATION OF FAST DISSOLVING ORAL FILM OF DOMPERIDONE
Fast dissolving dosage form (FDDF) is designed to allow administration of an oral solid dose form in the absence of water or fluid intake. Such formulation readily dissolve or disintegrate in the saliva generally within...
JAHN-TELLER DISTORTIONS: A NEW STRATEGY IN QUANTUM MECHANICS
The concepts of the Jahn-Teller effect and vibronic coupling are being applied to more and more systems in both chemistry and physics. Aspects of structural chemistry such as the distortion of the nuclear framework to a...