ANALYSIS OF OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS OF BLUNT TRAUMA TO THE EYE
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2017, Vol 6, Issue 93
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ocular trauma remains one of the most significant sight threatening problems in the recent years. Changing life pattern, modernisation, rapid industrialisation and high-speed travel, wide and variable exposure to the surroundings are contributing factors in blunt trauma. Trauma to the eye and adjacent structures requires meticulous examination to determine the loss of vision, range of involvement of extraocular muscles, and extent of injury to the anterior and posterior segment of the eye and extent of injury to other orbital and adnexal tissues which result in suboptimal vision. Objectives1. To determine the common effects of different types of injuries on the ocular structures. 2. To determine and identify the current causes, sites, mechanism and extent of injury to the eye in relation to different levels of trauma. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective, interventional study was conducted on 100 patients at KIMS, Hubli presenting with blunt ocular trauma from September 2016 to August 2017. RESULTS In our study, the M: F ratio was 5.25:1 (84:16) with clear male preponderance. Age incidence study showed that blunt ocular injuries were common in younger age group comprising of 66 patients (66%) i.e. below the age of 35 years (people who are very active and in productive age group). 52 patients (52%) had occupational injuries of which 70% were farmers. Object causing blunt injuries are stone (18%) and stick (12%). Ocular structure involved in blunt trauma mainly are: anterior segment injuries- 94 patients (94%); i.e. conjunctiva- 70 patients (70%), lid- 65 patients (65%), periorbital lesions- 56 patients (56%), ecchymosis of periorbital tissue- 42 patients (42%), lid oedema- 37 patients (37%), iris involvement- 20 patients (20%), lens involvement- 15 patients (15%), cornea involvement- 14 patients (14%), traumatic miosis- 6 patients (6%), traumatic mydriasis- 9 patients (9%); posterior segment- 18 patients (18%) were involved in which retinal detachment- 4 patients (4%), macular oedema- 3 patients (3%) vitreous haemorrhage- 3 patients (3%) and 2 cases with choroidal rupture were seen. CONCLUSION Our study indicates that ocular lesions with blunt injuries are fairly common. In our study, occupational injuries mainly agriculture related as the cases are from rural areas of North Karnataka. The ocular trauma is associated with varying degrees of loss of vision and earning capacity with social and economic consequences. Early referral, prompt evaluation and treatment will reduce the sight threatening complications in these cases.
Authors and Affiliations
Udaysridhar Mulgund, Rajashekhar Dyaberi, Ravishankar Mahalingappa
Keywords
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- EP ID EP279590
- DOI 10.14260/jemds/2017/1463
- Views 78
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