Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Bacteria Isolated from Adult Patients with Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) in Intensive Care Units in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Journal Title: Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 4
Abstract
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) refers to pneumonia developing in a patient on mechanical ventilator >48 hours after intubation or tracheostomy. VAP is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in mechanically ventilated patients. The aim of the study was to assess the clinical and bacteriological profile of VAP, risk factors, prevalence of multidrug-resistant pathogens in VAP cases in ICU setting and to correlate Endotracheal aspirate (ETA) with blood culture in those cases. The study included 130 adult patients of both sexes who were admitted to ICUs and fulfilling the criteria of VAP. Endotracheal aspirates (ETA) and blood samples were collected from the suspected VAP cases and subjected to culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing as per standard protocol. Incidence of VAP was found to be 40.8%, out of which 81.13% had late-onset VAP. Diabetes mellitus, advancing age (>60 years) and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease were the important risk factors associated with VAP. The most frequently isolated microorganism was Acinetobacter species (70.37%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.81%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (5.56%). All Acinetobacter species and 75% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were multidrug resistant. Overall carbapenem resistance was 46%. Blood culture results were positive for 47.16% cases of VAP of which 76% showed bacteraemia of pulmonary origin. Acinetobacter species (33.96%) was the most common isolate from blood. Mortality in VAP cases was 50.94%. Due to the increasing incidence of multidrug-resistant organisms in ICUs, early and correct diagnosis of VAP is an urgent challenge for an optimal antibiotic treatment and cure. Hence, knowledge of the local microbial flora causing VAP and effective infection control practices are essential to improve clinical outcome.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr Arghadip Samaddar
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP512841
- DOI -
- Views 57
- Downloads 0
Mid-term maternal cardiovascular profile in preterm and term preeclampsia: a prospective analysis
Aims and Objectives: Maternal cardiovascular system is largely affected in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. In other words, those women who are destined to develop preeclampsia, severe cardio vascular remodeling with ve...
Persistent vitelline duct fibrotic band causing axially rotated gangrenous Meckel’s diverticulum with small bowel obstruction in an adult
Symptomatic Meckel's diverticulum may present as gastrointestinal bleeding, diverticulitis, and intestinal obstruction. Here we report an extremely rare case of axially rotated gangrenous Meckel's diverticulum with acute...
Study of Serum Phosphate levels and its clinical significance in Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State
Aim: The aim of the study was to access mortality in Diabetic Keto Acidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State (HHS)with special reference to serum Phosphate levels. Methods: It was a across sectional study condu...
Comparison of Mortality Predictive Scoring Systems in PICU Patients
Rapidly developing the intensive care units [ICUs] created the need for quantitative and clinically relevant surrogates to evaluate the effectiveness of the management protocols. Predictive scoring systems have been deve...
Genotypic Characterization of Drug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria in Clinical Isolates from Subjects Resident in Rivers State, Nigeria
The emergence and increasing prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains resistant to first and second line anti-tuberculous medications are exacerbating the global TB epidemic. The aim of this study was to genotypi...