Antidiabetic Evaluations of Different Parts of Vernonia Amygdalina
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS) - Year 2017, Vol 12, Issue 4
Abstract
Aqueous leaves extract of Vernonia amygdalina are used in different parts of Africa for treatment of certain uncomplicated ailments, of which hyperglycaemia is one of the ailments. This study was carried out to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of leaf, stem-bark and root methanolic extracts of Vernonia amygdalina for antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin induced diabetic rat model.Extraction was done by Soxhlet method. The rats were divided into groups and a dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight of extracts administered for acute toxicity. The rats were observed for toxic effects for 14 days. Diabetes was induced in the rats by intraperitoneal administration of 60 mg/kg body weight of streptozotocin. All the rats except the vehicle control and toxic control groups were treated for 21 days with a standard drug and different extracts at 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight. On the 7th, 12th, 16th and 21st days of treatment, bloods were withdrawn from the caudal vein of the rats and glucose levels determined. On the 21st day, the bloods were tested for liver enzymes, total cholesterol and triglyceride. The rats were sacrificed and their livers, kidneys and pancreases histopathologically studied. The rats showed no acute toxic effects. The extracts reduced the glucose levels to a certain extent, with the stem-bark and root extracts given a statistically significant result of P<0.05, while the leaf gave P>0.05. The root extract gave a correlation coefficient of 0.94 in comparison to the standard against the stem-bark and the leaf which gave 0.95 and 0.84 respectively. The stem-bark and root extracts reduced the liver enzymes, total cholesterol and triglycerides to a statistically significant level of P<0.05, while the leaf gave P>0.05. The histopathology showed an improvement in comparison to the normal and diabetic group.The methanolic extracts showed a positive activity toward a diabetic animal model. Extensive studied should be done especially on the stem-bark; since the root part though gave the best result could not be used because of the environmental impact.
Authors and Affiliations
EjioforInnocent Mary I, Md. KamaruzZaman, Aparoop Das
Keywords
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