Apparent hypodontia

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Apparent hypodontia

Journal Title: Forum Ortodontyczne - Year 2009, Vol 5, Issue 2

Abstract

Tooth agenesis is the most common disturbance of tooth development. Excluding third molars, the frequency of tooth agenesis occurrence in permanent dentition is reported as 1 to 10%. Lower second premolars are the most commonly congenitally absent teeth in this group. The incidence of congenital absence of these teeth is estimated around 2,2 to 4,1%. The etiology of tooth agenesis is not thoroughly known, however a considerable amount of evidence suggests genetic basis. The results of molecular researches indicate, that the mutations of MSX1 and PAX9 genes might cause, apart from hypodontia, the suppression of tooth germs development at the stage of bud. [b]Aim of study[/b]: The aim of this study was to evaluate the disturbances at the time of the second premolars germs formation. [b]Methods and materials[/b]: Evaluation of panoramic radiographs taken at different stages of dental development was performed in siblings with diagnosed hypodontia of second premolars.[b]Results:[/b] In the presented cases the delay in the development of the second upper premolar was 6 years and 6 months in a girl and 7 years and 6 months in a boy. Delayed formation of premolars coexisted with hypodontia and distoangular position of its counterparts. [b]Conclusions[/b]: Delayed formation of upper second premolars can last over 7 years. There is a need to perform the follow-up radiographic control in the late stages of dental development to confirm diagnosis of hypodontia. Diagnosing premolar hypodontia based on the radiographic analysis in a 6 year-old-child can lead to the diagnostic mistake of tooth agenesis. It might further result in improper treatment plan and orthodontic treatment. The occurrence of delayed premolar germs formation along with hypodontia of these teeth in patient’s relatives confirms the influence of genetic factors on the occurrence of hypodontia and delayed odontogenesis. (Forum Ortod. 2009; 5: 40-7) Received: 28.04.2009 Accepted: 5.06.2009

Authors and Affiliations

Barbara Biedziak, Jolanta Jaskuła

Keywords

hypodontia second premolar tooth development

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