Application value of serum carbonic anhydrase â ¢ as a new biomarker in the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer disease
Journal Title: 中国临床医学（Chinese Journal of Clinical Medicine） - Year 2024, Vol 31, Issue 5
Abstract
ObjectiveTo explore the application value and related factors of serum carbonic anhydrase â ¢ (CAâ ¢) in the clinical diagnosis of mild to moderate Alzheimer disease (AD). MethodsA total of 106 elderly patients initially diagnosed with mild to moderate AD at Huashan Hospital, Fudan University from October 2020 to November 2022 were enrolled as the AD group, and 89 healthy elderly people during the same period were enrolled as the control group. The serum biochemical indicators including liver and kidney function, blood lipids, blood glucose, folic acid and homocysteine were detected in both groups. Cognitive function was assessed by Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE). Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) were used to assess psychological status. The activities of daily living (ADL) were assessed by modified Barthel Index (BI). Serum CAâ ¢ levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to identify factors influencing serum CAâ ¢ levels, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum CAâ ¢ levels in elderly patients with mild to moderate AD. ResultsThe MMSE score of the AD group was significantly lower than that of the control group (Pï¼0.001), and the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores were significantly higher than those of the control group (Pï¼0.001). The serum CAâ ¢ level in the AD group was significantly lower than that in the control group (Pï¼0.000 1). In patients with AD, serum CAâ ¢ levels in patients with a disease course ï¼3 years, accompanied by depression or anxiety, moderate AD, and serum creatinineâ¤111 μmol/L were significantly lower than those in patients with a disease course â¤3 years, normal emotions, mild AD, and serum creatinine ï¼111 μmol/L (Pï¼0.05). Correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis showed that serum CAâ ¢ levels were negatively correlated with disease duration, PHQ-9 score, GAD-7 scores and severity degree, positively correlated with serum creatinine level (Pï¼0.05). The PHQ-9 score, severity degree, and serum creatinine level were independent related factors for serum CAâ ¢ level in mild to moderate AD elderly patients (Pï¼0.05). ROC curve result showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of serum CAâ ¢ in diagnosing mild to moderate AD in elderly patients was 0.946, with sensitivity and specificity of 88.79% and 96.74%, respectively. ConclusionsSerum CAâ ¢ levels in elderly patients with mild to moderate AD are higher than those in healthy individuals. Mild AD, without depressive mood, and elevated serum creatinine levels are related factors for elevated serum CAâ ¢ levels in elderly AD patients. Serum CAâ ¢ may serve as a novel biological marker for the diagnosis of mild to moderate AD in the elderly.
Authors and Affiliations
Jiaoqi REN,Jinxiu WANG,Jiantao WANG,Yanli ZHANG,Xuechun WANG,Jingchun GUO,Houguang ZHOU,
Keywords
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